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Exam 2: Methods in Psychology

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Question 161

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Researchers wanted to see if listening to calm music would reduce heart rates.Half of the research participants sat quietly and listened to calm music,and the other half sat quietly and listened to no music at all.The group that listened to the music is called the:

A) dependent variable.
B) independent variable.
C) control group.
D) experimental group.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 162

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Defining and detecting are the two tasks that allow us to measure physical and psychological properties.

A) True
B) False

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Question 163

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Use the following to answer questions -(Scenario II) Assuming the differences between groups were statistically significant,before concluding that sleep deprivation impairs vigilance,another dependent variable the researchers probably would want to analyze is:

If researchers are interested in whether or not it is physically possible for a person to work with more than seven pieces of information in short-term memory,what rationale would the researchers give for not using random sampling?

In an experiment,researchers exposed half of the participants to loud noise during a memory-encoding task.The room was quiet for the other half of the participants.Later,all participants were given a memory test and the number of correct items recalled was obtained for each participant.The participants who encoded information in the quiet room constitute the:

Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates.In this experiment,what are the different levels of light?

In an experiment,researchers exposed half of the participants to loud noise during a memory-encoding task.The room was quiet for the other half of the participants.Later,all participants were given a memory test and the number of correct items recalled was obtained for each participant.What is the dependent variable?

Naturalistic observation is a method for determining causal relationships between variables.

Most experiments in psychology lack:

Which number represents the STRONGEST correlation coefficient (r) ?

An internally valid experiment means that accurate conclusions can be drawn about the causal relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

The tendency for a measure to produce different results when the quantity measured changes only slightly is known as:

The chair of the Psychology Department wants to determine the average GPA of all the psychology majors in Canada.She randomly selects 20 universities and compiles a list of the GPAs of all the psychology majors at those institutions.This list represents a(n) :

What is one reason why naturalistic observation alone cannot solve the problem of demand characteristics?

In the context of an experiment,participants in the experimental group:

Which number represents the STRONGEST correlation coefficient (r) ?

The closer an experiment is to arranging circumstances similar to those in the real world,the more psychologists can claim it has:

Correlations observed in the world around us are termed:

Which technique helps REDUCE bias due to prior expectations?

External validity means an experiment defines operational variables in a normal,typical,or realistic way.