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Ana signs a check payable to Boz, who indorses the back, gives it to Credit Union, and receives cash. The transfer of the check from Boz to Credit Union is


A) an assignment.
B) a negotiation.
C) a payment.
D) a sale.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Colin signs a note "payable to the order of Debit Bank." The bank indorses the note in blank and negotiates it to Equity Funds, which sells it to Financial Investments. Liability associated with the transfer of the note from Equity to Financial is


A) none of the choices.
B) contractual.
C) signature.
D) warranty.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Duke signs a note "payable to the order of Equity Bank." Unless Duke has a valid defense against payment, his liability on this note is


A) impaired.
B) primary.
C) secondary.
D) qualified.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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A note made in exchange for funds that contains an acceleration clause is not negotiable because the exact value of the note cannot be ascertained.

A) True
B) False

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Len makes a gift of a check to Millie who takes it in good faith and without notice of any claim, defense, or defect. With respect to this check, Millie is


A) an acceptor.
B) a good faith purchaser.
C) an ordinary holder.
D) an ordinary holder in due course.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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A promise that states an express condition to payment is negotiable if the condition is stated in writing on the instrument.

A) True
B) False

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Only the payee's bank can acquire the rights of a holder and negotiate a check indorsed by the payee "For deposit only."

A) True
B) False

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In the event that there is a conflicting, superior claim to an instrument, a holder in due course will not be able to collect payment.

A) True
B) False

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To be negotiable, if an instrument is not payable on demand, it must be payable at a definite time.

A) True
B) False

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Negotiating bearer instruments requires both indorsement and delivery because the use of bearer instruments involves more risk through loss or theft.

A) True
B) False

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A check "payable to the order of Bethany" is indorsed in blank if Bethany simply delivers it without signing it.

A) True
B) False

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A difference between the handwriting in the body of a check and in the signature affects the validity of the item and will bar a holder from HDC status.

A) True
B) False

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Oren signs an instrument payable to the order of Pay-Out Loans, Inc., "on or before" June 15. This instrument is


A) negotiable.
B) nonnegotiable, because the maker can move up the payment date.
C) nonnegotiable, because moving up the payment date is optional.
D) nonnegotiable, because the exact payment date cannot be determined from the face of the instrument.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Rubin writes a check drawn on his account at Clearwater Bank and payable to the order of Gwyn. The bank does not pay the check. Rubin is


A) absolved of liability on the check.
B) liable to Gwyn for the amount of the check.
C) liable to the bank for the amount of the check.
D) entitled to payment of the amount of the check from Gwyn.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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If the numerical and written amounts on a check differ, the check is payable in the written amount.

A) True
B) False

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If an instrument is acquired as part of a corporate purchase of assets, the holder will have only the rights of an ordinary holder.

A) True
B) False

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Oliver signs an instrument that states it is being executed "as per a contract for the sale of a case of apples dated May 1." This instrument is


A) negotiable.
B) nonnegotiable, because banks cannot easily process commodities.
C) nonnegotiable, because it includes the specific date of a contract.
D) nonnegotiable, because it refers to an express contract.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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On the back of a check payable to Nero, he writes "Pay to Odell, without recourse" and signs it. This


A) does not effect the check's negotiability or any party's liability.
B) relieves Nero of liability on the check.
C) relieves Odell of liability on the check.
D) renders the check nonnegotiable.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A consumer who signs a note to buy a defective product continues to be liable on the note to an HDC even if the consumer returns the faulty product to the seller.

A) True
B) False

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A person can sign an instrument as an authorized agent of the drawer, but the instrument is not negotiable unless the drawer also signs it.

A) True
B) False

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