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Discuss the cellular clock theory of aging.

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The cellular clock theory of aging is Le...

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Defects in mitochondria are linked with


A) Parkinson disease.
B) arthritis.
C) roseola.
D) cerebral palsy.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Remembering where a person went on vacation last summer is an example of ________ memory.


A) situational
B) semantic
C) prospective
D) episodic

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following biological theories of aging states that people age because their cells' normal metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules?


A) cellular clock theory
B) free-radical theory
C) telomerase-injection theory
D) hormonal stress theory

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is true of implicit memory?


A) It is also known as declarative memory.
B) It is more likely to be adversely affected by aging than explicit memory is.
C) It involves skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically.
D) It is memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements about the relationship between semantic memory and aging is true?


A) Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory in older adults.
B) Older adults are usually unable to retrieve semantic information.
C) Episodic memory and semantic memory remain unchanged in older adults.
D) Older adults can retrieve semantic information from long ago but not from the recent past.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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What is the chronic condition that involves an extensive loss of bone tissue often causing older adults to walk with a marked stoop?

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Cynthia is 91 years old. Doctors have found that Cynthia's optic nerves have been damaged because of accumulation of fluid in the eye. Cynthia is worried that she will lose her vision, but the doctor has told her that her condition can be treated with eye drops. The disease that has marred Cynthia's vision is


A) glaucoma.
B) cataracts.
C) retinopathy.
D) macular degeneration.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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________ attention is focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or some other aspect of the environment.


A) Selective
B) Sustained
C) Divided
D) Executive

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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________ is a cognitive resource that involves the ability to perform tasks such as deciding whether pairs of two-digit or two-letter strings are the same or different or determining the time required to step on the brakes when the car directly ahead stops.


A) Sustained attention
B) Executive attention
C) Episodic memory
D) Perceptual speed

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The ________ is one area that shrinks more than others with aging.


A) prefrontal cortex
B) amygdala
C) hypothalamus
D) premotor cortex

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Name Leonard Hayflick's theory that states that the maximum number of times that human cells can divide is about 75 to 80 and that as we age, our cells have less capacity to divide.

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Cellular c...

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The vision of older adults can be affected by age-related changes. One of these changes, which can make steps or street curbs difficult to manage, is a decline in


A) eye-hand coordination.
B) depth perception.
C) ocular elasticity.
D) color vision.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Aaron is a healthy, 65-year-old man. Compared with his 24-year-old son Harry, Aaron has much less brain volume. Which of the following is most likely the reason for this difference?


A) Harry has a lower number of synapses than Aaron has.
B) Aaron is experiencing shrinkage of neurons.
C) Harry has reduced tree-like branching in the dendrites of his brain.
D) Aaron has a thicker corpus callosum than Harry has.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Nathan just celebrated his 100th birthday. It can be said that Nathan is a(n) ________.


A) supercentenarian
B) adolescent
C) centenarian
D) millennial

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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An example of ________ attention is the ability to focus on one voice among many in a crowded room or a noisy restaurant.


A) selective
B) divided
C) sustained
D) executive

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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________ memory is memory without conscious recollection.


A) Implicit
B) Prospective
C) Source
D) Explicit

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Briefly describe life span and life expectancy.

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Life span is the maximum number of years...

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Which of the following is a way of preventing osteoporosis in middle-aged women?


A) eating foods rich in fiber
B) avoiding smoking
C) reducing weight
D) increasing the intake of vitamin B

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Name the two researchers who found that an important factor related to health, and even survival, in a nursing home is the patient's feelings of control and self-determination.

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Judith Rod...

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