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Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

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Question 71

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Research with the memory-span task suggests that

A) short-term memory increases during early childhood.
B) long-term memory reaches maturation by early childhood.
C) memory span depends on one's ethnic origin.
D) heredity is one of the major factors affecting memory.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 72

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Identify the term that refers to the awareness that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.

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Question 73

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The ability of preschool children to control and sustain their attention is related to

According to Gauvain and Perez, which of the following factors can enhance the effectiveness of the zone of proximal development?

Juan and his little sister, Anne, are each given a large cookie. Their mother breaks Anne's cookie into four pieces to enable her to eat it easily. Juan immediately begins to cry and says that it is not fair that his sister got more cookies than him. Juan is showing a lack of

Two current controversies in early childhood education involve

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017) , which of the following was the most common cause of accidental death in young children in 2015 in the United States?

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends, they demonstrate their

Which of the following statements about childhood obesity is true?

Over the past week, Walter has been learning to tie his shoelaces. Initially, his mother held his hands and worked his fingers through the process. Now that Walter is better at it, she only guides him verbally. This is an example of ________.

When adults are working with young children, they often provide a lot of hints, assistance, instructions, and other support to help the children succeed. As the children indicate that they can do more for themselves, the adults begin to withdraw their support. This shows the adults' involvement in the children's

According to Vygotsky, which of the following educational strategies should be incorporated in classrooms?

Ted is in a Tools of the Mind classroom. His teacher guides him in planning his own message by drawing a line to stand for each word he says. Ted then repeats the message, pointing to each line as he says the word. Finally, he writes on the lines, trying to represent each word with some letters or symbols. This process is called

According to Rochel Gelman, ________ is especially important in explaining conservation.

Studies by Powers and Dodd in 2017 and Powers and Howley in 2018 show that a child's life should center around ________.

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles. Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD) for solving such puzzles?

Which of the following statements about parental smoking is true?

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development

Russell conducts an experiment to study children's theory of mind. He selects participants and divides them into two groups. The first group consists of 3-year-olds, whereas the second group consists of 5-year-olds. Russell takes a box of crayons and places candies in them. He opens the box and shows it to both groups. Next, he asks the first group what a child who has never seen the box will think is actually inside the box. The group replies, "Candies!" To the same question, the second group replies, "Crayons!" This scenario illustrates that

During early childhood, girls are ________ than boys.