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Exam 4: Research Methods

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Use of a cross-sectional design would be appropriate in trying to find an answer to all of the following questions EXCEPT,

A) How does panic disorder differ in children and adults?
B) Are the cognitive triggers for panic disorder different in children and adults?
C) What early behaviors did adult panic disorder patients tend to display when they were young?
D) Does exposure therapy tend to be more or less effective when it is used in the treatment of children versus adults?

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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If a study of a medication is conducted using only 25-year-old white males, the results would be limited in their ______________.

A) generalizabiity
B) internal validity
C) concurrent reliability
D) usefulness

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 3

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Combining the monozygotic and adoption study methods, researchers often study monozygotic twins raised in different families. Using this method, similarities in behaviors, traits, and psychological disorders between monozygotic twins raised apart helps researchers determine

Of the following, which hypothesis would NOT be appropriate given the concept of testability:

A hypothesis is defined as a(n) .

While studying the impact of nutrition on intelligence, a researcher has one group of rats on a vitamin-rich diet and the other group eating Big Macs. While observing the rats run a complicated maze, the researcher notes that the vitamin-enhanced rats' maze is more brightly lit than the Big Mac rats' maze. The difference in lighting in this study is a(n) _.

One significant limitation of the cross-sectional design is called the "cohort effect." This relates to the fact that

A researcher is testing the effects of sunlight on depression. The dependent variable is and the independent variable is

In research studies, the term "effect size" refers to

Given what we know about the effects of genes and the environment, which of the following pairs of children would be expected to be most similar in terms of overall personality, psychological disorders, and intelligence?

The study of what genes do and how they interact with the environment to create the symptoms associated with psychological disorders is called genetics.

The function of replication in research is to

The advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment is that the researcher can

Epidemiologists study of a particular problem in one or more populations.

With regard to research design, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT that

Which of the following is NOT a component of withdrawal designs?

Internal validity is defined as

A new research study is published and becomes the "hot story" in the news. This story concerns you because the researchers report that they are the first scientists to find a higher incidence of depression in individuals who are taking a particular vitamin--the same vitamin that your physician has had you taking for years. While this may be cause for you to investigate further, you probably shouldn't panic because

A researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes the effects on a dependent variable in a(n)

The dependent variable in a research study is the variable that