Question 1

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to use alcohol to deal with anxiety than to admit they are afraid.
B)   less likely to be fearful of becoming alcoholic.
C)   exposed to alcohol more often than women are.
D)   more likely to see alcohol as a good long-term solution to problems such as anxiety.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Accepted Answer

A)   have frequent social contacts.
B)   live in group settings.
C)   have fewer social contacts.
D)   receive increased attention from their families when they are sick.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Most automatic functions (e.g., breathing, sleeping, and motor coordination)  are controlled by the part of the brain called the _.

Accepted Answer

A)   brain stem
B)   forebrain
C)   cortex
D)   frontal lobesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is .

Accepted Answer

A)   GABA
B)   norepinephrine
C)   dopamine
D)   serotoninE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Recent research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental manipulations early in life may do much to override the genetically induced tendency to develop undesirable behavioral activities.
B)   environmental manipulations early in life may do much to override the genetically induced tendency to develop undesirable emotional activities.
C)   an interaction between genes and environment plays an important role in every psychological disorder.
D)   all of theseE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

When comparing the brains of rats raised in a rich environment requiring lots of learning and motor behavior with the brains of rats raised as "couch potatoes" (Greenough, et al., 1990) , the cerebellums of the more active rats

Accepted Answer

A)   contained more neuronal connections and dendrites.
B)   contained fewer neuronal connections but more axons and dendrites.
C)   were less likely to possess pathological neurotransmitter circuits.
D)   were exactly the same as the inactive rats.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) , there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Accepted Answer

A)   be far more easily treated than those with physical disorders.
B)   seek help for their disorders but be more likely to receive insufficient treatment than those with physical illness.
C)   be ignored by mental health professionals when they seek help.
D)   not seek and receive the treatment and support of others that are most needed for recovery.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The most accurate way to think of genes is that they

Accepted Answer

A)   set boundaries for our development.
B)   determine both our physical and psychological characteristics.
C)   determine physical but not psychological characteristics.
D)   actually have very little to do with any of the characteristics that we display.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called .

Accepted Answer

A)   agonists
B)   antagonists
C)   enhancers
D)   psychotropicsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Recent research and increased understanding about the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology point out that

Accepted Answer

A)   each psychological disorder is caused by a deficit in a specific neurotransmitter.
B)   chemical imbalances of the brain are the cause of psychopathology.
C)   simple cause/effect conclusions stating that an individual neurotransmitter abnormality causes a disorder are incomplete.
D)   neurotransmitters have very little to do with psychopathology for most individuals but may be the single cause of disorders for others.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The procedures referred to as quantitative genetics are used to

Accepted Answer

A)   determine the effects of multiple genes.
B)   provide genetic counseling.
C)   correct genetic abnormalities.
D)   test the multidimensional integrative model.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Regarding the research on socialization and health, the safest conclusion is that

Accepted Answer

A)   social support is important but mostly for those individuals who are at high risk for various physical or psychological disorders.
B)   having a supportive group of people around us is important to our physical health but not our psychological well-being.
C)   having a supportive group of people around us is important to our psychological well-being but not our physical health.
D)   having a supportive group of people around us is one of the most important parts of maintaining our physical and mental health.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Accepted Answer

A)   biological dimensions.
B)   biological and psychological dimensions.
C)   biological and psychological dimensions, as well as emotional influences.
D)   biological and psychological dimensions, as well as emotional and developmental influences.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The significance of the study conducted by Insel, Scanlan, Champoux, and Soumi (1988)  in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A)   have very direct effects on behavior.
B)   influence behavior in different ways depending upon the psychological history of the individual.
C)   influence individuals in fairly direct and consistent ways regardless of the psychological history of the individual.
D)   have few reliable and consistent effects on observed behavior.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

You and a friend are lost while walking on a street in a foreign city. A stranger approaches, and you are concerned that the stranger may try to mug you. Your friend assumes that the stranger is approaching to give you directions. As the stranger approaches, you experience fear, but your friend experiences relief. Your different emotional reactions can be explained by the theory of emotion.

Accepted Answer

A)   physiological
B)   neurological
C)   affective
D)   cognitiveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _.

Accepted Answer

A)   consolidation
B)   confabulation
C)   top-down processing
D)   bottom-up processingE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the .

Accepted Answer

A)   endocrine system
B)   brain stem and cortex
C)   somatic and autonomic nervous system
D)   brain and spinal cordE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the .

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebral cortex
B)   brain stem
C)   midbrain
D)   basal gangliaE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

According to modern cognitive science, the unconscious

Accepted Answer

A)   clearly exists in much the same way that Freud imagined.
B)   may or may not exist, as it is impossible to study material that we are not aware of.
C)   clearly does not exist.
D)   clearly exists but in a very different way than Freud imagined.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Meno is 64 years old. Although continuously faced with considerable stress and difficulty in his life, he always displays an optimistic, upbeat attitude. According to research, Meno should

Accepted Answer

A)   probably live longer than those without such positive attitudes.
B)   live about the same length of time as those without such positive attitudes.
C)   be less likely to have heart disease than those without such positive attitudes
D)   be more likely to be involved with positive community activities than those without such positive attitudes.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _.

Correct Answer
verified

According to modern cognitive science, the unconscious

Correct Answer
verified

Recent research suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Recent research and increased understanding about the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology point out that

Correct Answer
verified

The significance of the study conducted by Insel, Scanlan, Champoux, and Soumi (1988) in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Correct Answer
verified

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is .

Correct Answer
verified

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Correct Answer
verified

Most automatic functions (e.g., breathing, sleeping, and motor coordination) are controlled by the part of the brain called the _.

Correct Answer
verified

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) , there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Correct Answer
verified

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the .

Correct Answer
verified

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the .

Correct Answer
verified

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The procedures referred to as quantitative genetics are used to

Correct Answer
verified

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Correct Answer
verified

Meno is 64 years old. Although continuously faced with considerable stress and difficulty in his life, he always displays an optimistic, upbeat attitude. According to research, Meno should

Correct Answer
verified

When comparing the brains of rats raised in a rich environment requiring lots of learning and motor behavior with the brains of rats raised as "couch potatoes" (Greenough, et al., 1990) , the cerebellums of the more active rats

Correct Answer
verified

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called .

Correct Answer
verified

The most accurate way to think of genes is that they

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding the research on socialization and health, the safest conclusion is that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to modern cognitive science, the unconscious

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research and increased understanding about the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology point out that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The significance of the study conducted by Insel, Scanlan, Champoux, and Soumi (1988) in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most automatic functions (e.g., breathing, sleeping, and motor coordination) are controlled by the part of the brain called the _.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) , there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The procedures referred to as quantitative genetics are used to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Meno is 64 years old. Although continuously faced with considerable stress and difficulty in his life, he always displays an optimistic, upbeat attitude. According to research, Meno should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing the brains of rats raised in a rich environment requiring lots of learning and motor behavior with the brains of rats raised as "couch potatoes" (Greenough, et al., 1990) , the cerebellums of the more active rats

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most accurate way to think of genes is that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the research on socialization and health, the safest conclusion is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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