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Exam 18: Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Scientists are trained to carefully observe and record any research outcomes that are inconsistent with their hypotheses. This practice most directly serves to reduce

A) the framing effect.
B) factor analysis.
C) confirmation bias.
D) algorithms.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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When her professor failed to recognize that Judy had her hand raised for a question,Judy began to think her professor was unfriendly. Although she subsequently learned that the professor's limited vision kept him from seeing her raised hand,she continued thinking the professor was unfriendly. Judy's reaction best illustrates

A) the framing effect.
B) belief perseverance.
C) confirmation bias.
D) category hierarchies.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Question 23

Multiple Choice

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The inability to see a problem from a new perspective is called

We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our ________ of a bird.

After spending two hours trying to solve an engineering problem,Amira finally gave up. As she was trying to fall asleep that night,a solution to the problem popped into her head. Amira's experience best illustrates

University students were asked to figure out the rule used to devise the three-number sequence 2-4-6. After generating sets of three numbers to learn whether their sets met the rule,they typically convinced themselves of the wrong rule. Their errors best illustrated the impact of

An unwillingness to give up our beliefs even when the evidence proves us wrong is called

Prototype is to category as ________ is to ________.

Stockbrokers often believe that their own expertise will enable them to select stocks that will outperform the market average. This belief best illustrates

A televised image of a starving child had a greater impact on Mr. White's perception of the extensiveness of world hunger than did a statistical chart summarizing the tremendous scope of the problem. This suggests that his assessment of the world hunger problem is influenced by

Stockbrokers who market their services with confidence that they can outperform the market average in picking stocks are especially likely to

Having learned the rule that a triangle has three sides,we thereafter classify all three-sided geometric forms as triangles. This best illustrates the role of ______ in concept formation.

Students routinely underestimate how much time it will take them to complete assigned course projects. This best illustrates the impact of

Research findings suggest that the best advice to give people who want to avoid belief perseverance is

In contrast to our explicit conscious reasoning,our seemingly effortless and automatic feelings or thoughts are called

In the process of classifying objects,people are especially likely to make use of

Representativeness and availability are examples of

When forming a concept,people often develop a best example,or ________,of a category.

Assume that Congress is considering revising its approach to welfare and to this end is hearing a range of testimony. A member of Congress who uses the availability heuristic would be most likely to

Mental set is a type of