Question 1

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

Accepted Answer

A)   atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 
B)   epinephrine
C)   antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)   angiotensin IIE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   left atrium
B)   right ventricle
C)   pulmonary arteries and veins
D)   superior vena cavaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)   An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure, due to the increased delivery.
B)   Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure, due to diversion of blood to essential areas.
C)   Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase.
D)   Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

Accepted Answer

A)   a local increase in pH
B)   an increase in local tissue carbon dioxide
C)   a local increase in histamine
D)   a decrease in local tissue oxygen contentE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   tunica intima
B)   tunica externa
C)   tunica media
D)   subendothelialE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

List the major factors that are linked to essential hypertension and note which ones are controllable by the patient.

Accepted Answer

The factors are heredity, diet...

Question 8

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   reflex arcs involving baroreceptors
B)   chemoreceptors
C)   altering blood volume
D)   reflex arcs associated with vasomotor fibersE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

In general, it is expected that__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)   osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
B)   hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed
C)   osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed
D)   osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous endE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Accepted Answer

A)   cardiogenic, which results from any defect in blood vessels
B)   vascular, due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone
C)   circulatory, where blood volume is normal and constant
D)   hypovolemic, caused by increased blood volumeE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)   lower heart rate and reduced blood flow
B)   increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance
C)   higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure
D)   increased risk of developing atherosclerosisE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal)  are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   muscular arteries
B)   capillaries
C)   elastic arteries
D)   arteriolesE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of blood vessels that is responsible for millions of deaths each year.
Describe the disease process, noting the involvement of specific cell/tissue types and molecules.

Accepted Answer

The disease process involves several sta...

Question 16

Secondary hypertension can be caused by ___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)   stress
B)   obesity
C)   smoking
D)   kidney diseaseE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   It promotes an increase in blood pressure.
B)   It will reduce urine output.
C)   It will result in higher sodium levels in the urine.
D)   It promotes an increase in sodium reabsorption from the kidney to the blood.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

A family of peptides called __________are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A family of peptides called __________are released...

Question 19

The term ductus venosus refers to__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)   a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver
B)   damage to the valves in the veins, leading to varicose veins
C)   a condition of the aged in which the arteries lose elasticity
D)   a fetal shunt that bypasses the lungsE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)   muscular arteries and arterioles
B)   arterioles and capillaries
C)   venules and veins
D)   capillaries and venulesE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of blood vessels that is responsible for millions of deaths each year. Describe the disease process, noting the involvement of specific cell/tissue types and molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe disease process involves several sta...View AnswerShow Answer

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term ductus venosus refers to__________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the major factors that are linked to essential hypertension and note which ones are controllable by the patient.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe factors are heredity, diet...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal) are __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A family of peptides called __________are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general, it is expected that__________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary hypertension can be caused by ___________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The disease process involves several sta...
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The factors are heredity, diet...
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