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In December 1999 people feared that there might be computer problems at banks as the century changed. Consequently, people wanted to hold relatively more in currency and relatively less in deposits. In anticipation banks raised their reserve ratios to have enough cash on hand to meet depositors' demands. These actions by the public


A) would increase the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have sold bonds.
B) would increase the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have bought bonds.
C) would reduce the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have sold bonds.
D) would reduce the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have bought bonds.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Table 29-4. The First Bank of Fairfield Table 29-4. The First Bank of Fairfield   -Refer to Table 29-4. The reserve ratio for this bank is A) 8 percent. B) 12.5 percent. C) 87.5 percent. D) 25 percent. -Refer to Table 29-4. The reserve ratio for this bank is


A) 8 percent.
B) 12.5 percent.
C) 87.5 percent.
D) 25 percent.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Given the following information, what are the values of M1 and M2? Given the following information, what are the values of M1 and M2?   A) M1 = $4,310 billion, M2 = $6,285 billion. B) M1 = $2,050 billion, M2 = $9,985 billion. C) M1 = $2,110 billion, M2 = $8,485 billion. D) M1 = $3,610 billion, M2 = $9,985 billion.


A) M1 = $4,310 billion, M2 = $6,285 billion.
B) M1 = $2,050 billion, M2 = $9,985 billion.
C) M1 = $2,110 billion, M2 = $8,485 billion.
D) M1 = $3,610 billion, M2 = $9,985 billion.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A bank's reserve ratio is 5 percent and the bank has $2,280 in reserve. Its deposits amount to


A) $114.
B) $2,166.
C) $2,400.
D) $45,600.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If a bank has a reserve ratio of 8 percent, then


A) government regulation requires the bank to use at least 8 percent of its deposits to make loans.
B) the bank's ratio of loans to deposits is 8 percent.
C) the bank keeps 8 percent of its deposits as reserves and loans out the rest.
D) the bank keeps 8 percent of its assets as reserves and loans out the rest.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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When the Fed conducts open-market purchases,


A) it buys Treasury securities, which increases the money supply.
B) it buys Treasury securities, which decreases the money supply.
C) it borrows money from member banks, which increases the money supply.
D) it lends money to member banks, which decreases the money supply.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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If the Fed raised the reserve requirement, the demand for reserves would


A) increase, so the federal funds rate would fall.
B) increase, so the federal funds rate would rise.
C) decrease, so the federal funds rate would fall.
D) decrease, so the federal funds rate would rise.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Banks cannot influence the money supply if they are required to hold all deposits in reserve.

A) True
B) False

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Money


A) is more efficient than barter.
B) makes trades easier.
C) allows greater specialization.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The discount rate is the rate the Federal Reserve charges banks for loans. By lowering this rate, the Fed provides banks with a greater incentive to borrow from it.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following does the U.S. president appoint and the U.S. Senate confirm?


A) members of the Board of Governors and regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.
B) members of the Board of Governors but not the regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.
C) the regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents, but not members of the Board of Governors.
D) neither members of the Board of Governors nor regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A bank's reserve ratio is 10 percent and the bank has $5,000 in deposits. Its reserves amount to


A) $50.
B) $500.
C) $4,500.
D) $4,950.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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As opposed to a payments system based on barter, a payments system based on money


A) requires a double coincidence of wants.
B) leads to less specialization.
C) makes trades less costly.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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During the early 1930s there were a number of bank failures in the United States. What did this do to the money supply? The New York Federal Reserve Bank advocated open market purchases. Would these purchases have reversed the change in the money supply and helped banks? Explain.

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Bank failures cause people to lose confi...

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A decrease in the money supply might indicate that the Fed had


A) purchased bonds to increase banks reserves.
B) purchased bonds to decrease banks reserves.
C) sold bonds to increase banks reserves.
D) sold bonds to decrease banks reserves.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The manager of the bank where you work tells you that the bank has $400 million in deposits and $340 million dollars in loans. The Fed then raises the reserve requirement from 5 percent to 10 percent. Assuming everything else stays the same, how much is the bank holding in excess reserves after the increase in the reserve requirement?


A) $0
B) $20 million
C) $40 million
D) $60 million

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Dollar bills, rare paintings, and emerald necklaces are all


A) media of exchange.
B) units of account.
C) stores of value.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The existence of money leads to


A) greater specialization in production, but not to a higher standard of living.
B) a higher standard of living, but not to greater specialization.
C) greater specialization and to a higher standard of living.
D) neither greater specialization nor to a higher standard of living.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Savings deposits are included in


A) M1 but not M2.
B) M2 but not M1.
C) M1 and M2.
D) neither M1 nor M2.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The _____ is the interest rate at which banks make overnight loans to other banks.

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