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Evaluate the following statements: I. De minimis fringe benefits are those that are so immaterial that accounting for them is impractical. II) De minimis fringe benefits are subject to strict antidiscrimination requirements. III) Generally, a fringe benefit of less than $50 is considered de minimis and can be excluded from gross income.


A) Only I is true.
B) Only III is true.
C) Only I and III are true.
D) I, II, and III are true.
E) None of these.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The taxpayer is a Ph.D. student in accounting at City University. The student is paid $1,500 per month for teaching two classes. The total amount received for the year is $13,500.


A) The $13,500 is excludible if the money is used to pay for tuition and books.
B) The $13,500 is taxable compensation.
C) The $13,500 is considered a scholarship and, therefore, is excluded.
D) The $13,500 is excluded because the total amount received for the year is less than her standard deduction and personal exemption.
E) None of these.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Randy is the manager of a motel. As a condition of his employment, Randy is required to live in a room on the premises so that he would be there in case of emergencies. Randy considered this a fringe benefit since he would otherwise be required to pay $800 per month rent. The room that Randy occupied normally rented for $70 per night, or $2,100 per month. On the average, 90% of the motel rooms were occupied. As a result of this rent-free use of a room, Randy is required to include in gross income.


A) $-0-.
B) $800 per month.
C) $2,100 per month.
D) $1,890 ($2,100 × 0.90) .
E) None of these.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A scholarship recipient at State University may exclude from gross income the scholarship proceeds used to pay for:


A) Tuition only.
B) Tuition, books, and supplies.
C) Tuition, books, supplies, meals, and lodging.
D) Meals and lodging.
E) None of these.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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During the current year, Khalid was in an automobile accident and suffered physical injuries. The accident was caused by Rashad's negligence. Khalid threatened to file a lawsuit against Amber Trucking Company, Rashad's employer, claiming $50,000 for pain and suffering, $90,000 for loss of income, and $70,000 in punitive damages. Amber's insurance company will not pay punitive damages; therefore, Amber has offered to settle the case for $100,000 for pain and suffering, $90,000 for loss of income, and nothing for punitive damages. Khalid is in the 35% marginal tax bracket. What is the after-tax difference to Khalid between Khalid's original claim and Amber's offer?


A) Amber's offer is $20,000 less. ($50,000 + $90,000 + $70,000 - $100,000 - $90,000) .
B) Amber's offer is $7,000 less. [($50,000 + $90,000 + $70,000 - $100,000 - $90,000) × 0.35) ].
C) Amber's offer is $4,500 more. {$190,000 - ($50,000 + $90,000) + [$70,000 × (1.00 - 0.35) ]}.
D) Amber's offer is $22,000 more. [($190,000 - $210,000) + ($120,000 × 0.35) ].
E) None of these.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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In December 2019, Todd, a cash basis taxpayer, paid $1,200 of fire insurance premiums for the calendar year 2020 on a building he held for rental income. Todd deducted the $1,200 of insurance premiums on his 2019 tax return. He had $150,000 of taxable income that year. On June 30, 2020, he sold the building and, as a result, received a $500 refund on his fire insurance premiums. As a result of the above:


A) Todd should amend his 2019 return and claim $500 less insurance expense.
B) Todd should include the $500 in 2020 gross income in accordance with the tax benefit rule.
C) Todd should add the $500 to his sales proceeds from the building.
D) Todd should include the $500 in 2020 gross income in accordance with the claim of right doctrine.
E) None of these.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Louise works in a foreign branch of her employer's business. She earned $5,000 per month throughout the relevant period. Which of the following is correct?


A) If Louise worked in the foreign branch from May 1, 2018 until October 31, 2019, she may exclude $40,000 from gross income in 2018 and exclude $50,000 in 2019.
B) If Louise worked in the foreign branch from May 1, 2018 until October 31, 2019, she cannot exclude anything from gross income because she was not present in the country for 330 days in either year.
C) If Louise began work in the foreign country on May 1, 2018, she must work through November 30, 2019 in order to exclude $55,000 from gross income in 2019 but none in 2018.
D) Louise will not be allowed to exclude any foreign earned income because she made less than $105,900.
E) None of these.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Carmen had worked for Sparrow Corporation for 30 years when she died of a heart attack at age 60. She was practically penniless at the time of her death, owed a $12,000 hospital bill, and had a disabled spouse. The company was very concerned about its public image, and rather than run the risk of embarrassment from one of its long-term employees dying and leaving her spouse with insufficient means, the board of directors agreed to pay Carmen's hospital bill and to give her spouse $6,000 per year for the rest of his life. Discuss both sides of the question of whether Carmen (or her estate) and her spouse realize any taxable income from these transactions.

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The argument that Carmen and her spouse ...

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The exclusion for health insurance premiums paid by an employer applies to:


A) Only current employees and their spouses.
B) Only current employees and their spouses and dependents.
C) Only current employees and their disabled spouses.
D) Current employees, retired former employees, and their spouses and dependents.
E) None of these.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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Tommy, a senior at State College, receives free room and board as full compensation for working as a resident adviser at the university dormitory. The regular housing contract is $2,000 a year in total, $1,200 for lodging, and $800 for meals in the dormitory. He had the option of receiving the meals or $800 in cash and accepted the meals. What must Tommy include in gross income from working as a resident adviser?


A) All items can be excluded from gross income as a scholarship.
B) The meals must be included in gross income.
C) The meals may be excluded because he did not receive cash.
D) The lodging must be included in gross income because it was compensation for services.
E) None of these.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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Juan was considering purchasing an interest in a tax-exempt bond fund for $100,000 when he discovered that the interest must be included on his state income tax return. The interest rate is 5%. His marginal Federal tax rate is 35%, and his marginal state income tax rate is 10%. Juan itemizes his deductions on his Federal income tax return. As an alternative, Juan can purchase a state bond (a double-exempt bond) yielding 4.9% interest that is exempt from both Federal and state income tax. Which investment would yield the greater after-tax return?

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Juan will receive $5,000 before-tax from...

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The taxpayer's marginal federal and state tax rate is 25%. Which would the taxpayer prefer?


A) $1.00 taxable income rather than $1.25 tax-exempt income.
B) $1.00 taxable income rather than $.75 tax-exempt income.
C) $1.25 taxable income rather than $1.00 tax-exempt income.
D) $1.40 taxable income rather than $1.00 tax-exempt income.
E) None of these.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Employees of a CPA firm located in Maryland may exclude from gross income the meals and lodging provided by the employer while they were on an audit in Delaware.

A) True
B) False

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Ed died while employed by Violet Company. His wife collected $40,000 on a group term life insurance policy that Violet provided its employees and $6,000 of accrued salary Ed had earned prior to his death. All of the premiums on the group term life insurance policy were excluded from the Ed's gross income. Ed's wife is required to recognize as gross income only the $6,000 she received for the accrued salary.

A) True
B) False

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As an executive of Cherry, Inc., Ollie receives a fringe benefit in the form of annual tuition scholarships of $10,000 to each of his three children. The scholarships are paid by the company on behalf of the children of key employees directly to each child's educational institution and are payable only if the student maintains a B average.


A) The tuition payments of $30,000 may be excluded from Ollie's gross income as a scholarship.
B) The tuition payments of $10,000 each must be included in each child's gross income.
C) The tuition payments of $30,000 may be excluded from Ollie's gross income because the payments are for the academic achievements of the children.
D) The tuition payments of $30,000 must be included in Ollie's gross income.
E) None of these.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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If a tax-exempt bond will yield approximately 0.65 (1 - 0.35) times the yield on a taxable bond of equal risk, who benefits from the tax exemption: the Federal government, the state and local governments who issue the bonds, or the investors?

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The state and local governments benefit ...

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Beverly died during the current year. At the time of her death, her accrued salary and commissions totaled $3,000 and were paid to her husband. The employer also paid the husband $35,000, which represented an amount equal to Beverly's salary for the year prior to her death. The employer had a policy of making the salary payments to "help out the family in the time of its greatest need." Beverly's spouse collected her interest in the employer's qualified profit sharing plan amounting to $30,000. As beneficiary of his wife's life insurance policy, Beverly's spouse elected to collect the proceeds in installments. In the year of her death, he collected $8,000, which included $1,500 interest income. Which of these items are subject to income tax for Beverly's spouse?

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blured image All nonforfeitable rights to funds are ...

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Heather is a full-time employee of Drake Company and participates in the company's flexible spending plan that is available to all employees. Which of the following is correct?


A) Heather reduced her salary by $1,200, actually spent $1,500, and received only $1,200 as reimbursement for her medical expenses. Heather's gross income will be reduced by $1,500.
B) Heather reduced her salary by $1,200 and received only $900 as reimbursement for her actual medical expenses. She is not refunded the $300 remaining balance, but her gross income is reduced by $1,200.
C) Heather reduced her salary by $1,200 and received only $800 as reimbursement for her medical expenses. She is not refunded the $400. Her gross income is reduced by $800.
D) Heather reduced her salary by $1,200 and received only $900 as reimbursement for her medical expenses. She forfeits the $300. Her gross income is reduced by $300.
E) None of these.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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An employee can exclude from gross income the value of meals provided by his or her employer whenever:


A) The meal is not extravagant.
B) The meals are provided on the employer's premises for the employer's convenience.
C) There are no places to eat near the work location.
D) The meals are provided for the convenience of the employee.
E) None of these.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Olaf was injured in an automobile accident and received $25,000 for his physical injury, $50,000 for his loss of income, and $10,000 for punitive damages. As a result of the award, the amount Olaf must include in gross income is:


A) $10,000.
B) $50,000.
C) $60,000.
D) $85,000.
E) None of these.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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