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Jessica acts so differently with her parents than with her girlfriends that she often thinks her personality is completely phony. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Jessica is experiencing


A) egocentrism.
B) insecure attachment.
C) role confusion.

D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Nancy's therapist encourages her to think about her strengths rather than her weaknesses and to develop a habit of thanking others when they compliment her or provide emotional support. The therapist's approach best illustrates


A) psychoanalysis.
B) client-centered therapy.
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy.
D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Who emphasized the importance of tr&&Ansference in the therapeutic process?


A) Hans Eysenck
B) Egaz Moniz
C) Carl Rogers
D) Sigmund Freud

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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As drug users experience neuroadaptation, they demonstrate signs of


A) dissociation.
B) narcolepsy.
C) tolerance.
D) hallucinations.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Differences between two samples are LEAST likely to be statistically significant if


A) the samples are small and the standard deviations of the samples are small.
B) the samples are large and the standard deviations of the samples are large.
C) the samples are small and the standard deviations of the samples are large.
D) the samples are large and the standard deviations of the samples are small.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults, they will have more difficulty controlling their anger. Stacey's prediction regarding anger management is an example of


A) a hypothesis.
B) hindsight bias.
C) an operational definition.
D) the placebo effect.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Some hereditarians have been fearful that higher twentieth-century birth rates among those with lower intelligence scores would shove average intelligence scores progressively downward. This fear has been most directly alleviated by the discovery of


A) the normal curve.
B) the g factor.
C) emotional intelligence.
D) the Flynn effect.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group. With respect to age, it is MOST likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's


A) mode.
B) median.
C) mean.
D) standard deviation.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In a classic experiment, obese patients whose daily caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost only 6 percent of their weight. This limited weight loss was due, at least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to a(n)


A) decrease in their secretion of ghrelin.
B) elevation of their set points.
C) decrease in their metabolic rate.
D) elevation of their blood glucose levels.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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An empathic husband who sees his wife in pain will exhibit some of the same brain activity she is showing. According to many researchers, this best illustrates the functioning of


A) cognitive maps.
B) spontaneous recovery.
C) mirror neurons.
D) extrinsic motivation.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following questions about the word depressed would best prepare you to correctly remember tomorrow that you had seen the word on this quiz?


A) How well does the word describe you?
B) Does the word consist of ten letters?
C) Is the word written in capital letters?
D) Does the word rhyme with obsessed?

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates a form of


A) light exposure therapy.
B) psychodynamic therapy.
C) humanistic therapy.
D) cognitive therapy.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Children who have witnessed a parent's murder report memories that most clearly challenge Freud's concept of


A) erogenous zones.
B) reaction formation.
C) displacement.
D) repression.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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After participants in one study were informed that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases such as "a passive, dependent type" and "frightened of his own aggressive impulses." This study best illustrated the


A) dangers of dissociative identity disorder.
B) unreliability of the DSM-IV-TR.
C) biasing power of diagnostic labels.
D) shortcomings of the social-cognitive perspective.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which research method runs the greatest risk of collecting evidence that may be unrepresentative of what is generally true?


A) naturalistic observation
B) the case study
C) experimentation
D) the survey

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Humanistic psychology has been most closely associated with an emphasis on the importance of


A) empirically derived tests.
B) reciprocal determinism.
C) a positive self-concept.
D) an external locus of control.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Taking certain drugs during pregnancy is likely to expose unborn children to


A) critical periods.
B) role confusion.
C) teratogen.
D) schemas.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Human factors psychologists would be most likely to aid in the design of


A) employee weight-reduction programs.
B) management training seminars.
C) user-friendly factory machinery.

D) A) and B)
E) None of the above

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Compared with fraternal twins, identical twins are


A) less similar in their risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and less similar in
B) risk of being emotionally unstable.
C) more similar in their risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and more similar in
D) Risk of being emotionally unstable.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is believed to be the synaptic basis for learning and memory?


A) priming
B) semantic encoding
C) proactive interference
D) long-term potentiation

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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