Question 1

The guilty knowledge test (GKT)  is one of the most promising polygraph techniques to date. However, there are some limitations to its usefulness. Which of the following is one of the main limitations of GKT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most criminals remember the scene of their crimes very vividly.
B)   GKT does not attempt to detect lies, only the unusual physiological reactions.
C)   A sufficient number of crime facts uniquely known by only the criminal is often not available.
D)   Polygraph examiners are reluctant to take on the leading role in formulating the questions.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

According to the text, when police use the polygraph, it is usually done for the purpose of:

Accepted Answer

A)   finding out additional information.
B)   coercing the suspect to confess.
C)   aiding in figuring out the motive.
D)   exposing corrupt police practices.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The basic theory behind the polygraph is that lying:

Accepted Answer

A)   affects brain activity patterns.
B)   causes physiological arousal.
C)   changes the coloration of skin.
D)   makes swallowing harder.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 4

Lying is considered an adaptive behavior, from a(n)  _____ point of view.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   cognitive
C)   behavioral
D)   evolutionaryE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Among the techniques looking at brain activity patterns, _____ is better able to locate the precise area of the brain activity, whereas _____ is better able to determine the timing of the activity.

Accepted Answer

A)   CBCA; EEG
B)   fMRI; CBCA
C)   EEG; fMRI
D)   fMRI; EEGE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

What type of error is committed when a guilty suspect is misclassified as innocent?

Accepted Answer

A)   false negative
B)   false positive
C)   true negative
D)   true positiveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Our tendency to seek out information that supports our beliefs is otherwise known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   expected outcome.
B)   liar's stereotype.
C)   confirmation bias.
D)   attribution error.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a comparison question suitable for the CQT polygraph technique?

Accepted Answer

A)   Did you kill Ms. Smith?
B)   Were you at the bank on Thursday?
C)   Have you ever taken something that did not belong to you?
D)   Did you know Wendy Jones well enough to give her a character reference?E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Lucas is very worried that somebody may find out about his activities in drug trade. When asked questions about drug selling, he would deny any involvement and likely experience the following physiological changes that are recorded by the polygraph:

Accepted Answer

A)   lower blood pressure, fatigue, and constipation.
B)   changes in breathing, eye movements, and body temperature.
C)   decrease in skin moisture, coughing, and dry mouth.
D)   changes in blood pressure, breathing, and skin conductance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The comparison question test (CQT)  posits that guilty individuals react more strongly to _____ questions, whereas innocent individuals react more strongly to _____ questions.

Accepted Answer

A)   relevant; comparison
B)   comparison; relevant
C)   known; unknown
D)   unknown; knownE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

During the 1960s-1980s, polygraph use was:

Accepted Answer

A)   almost non-existent.
B)   a lucrative business.
C)   only permitted in government agencies.
D)   impossible because the polygraph was invented later.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Discuss research on the scientific validity of the polygraph.

Accepted Answer

•The accuracy of the polygraph is not ne...

Question 13

Lying can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)   straightforward.
B)   always intentional.
C)   easily detected.
D)   multifaceted.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

The technique that uses systematic analysis of written statements to assess the credibility of accounts related to a particular event is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) .
B)   criteria-based content analysis (CBC
A)  .
C)   magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) .
D)   the polygraph.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

According to research completed by Bond and DePaulo (2006) , people's ability to distinguish lies has a _____ above-chance rate of accuracy, and efforts to improve people's ability to discern lies have _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   barely; not been very successful
B)   significantly; been very successful
C)   significantly; not been very successful
D)   barely; been very successfulE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Marissa is being polygraphed using the guilty knowledge test (GKT) . This test focuses on whether Marissa:

Accepted Answer

A)   knows the facts that were published about the crime in the media.
B)   knows the facts that one would expect that only the criminal would know.
C)   is willing to share information that is uncomfortable for most people to share.
D)   remains unwilling to be tested, which amounts to her admission of guilt.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 17

According to the text, the actual level of accuracy of polygraph techniques is likely:

Accepted Answer

A)   well above 90%.
B)   between 50% and 90%.
C)   between 30% and 50%.
D)   below 30%.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

According to the text, the _____ intelligence hypothesis posits that human intelligence was accelerated by the need for humans to develop social skills related to manipulation, pretense, and deception.

Accepted Answer

A)   crystallized
B)   fluid
C)   Goleman's emotional
D)   MachiavellianE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Experimental research has demonstrated that when actual interrogation training videos are used, the training _____ people's ability to detect deception and makes people _____ confident about their judgments.

Accepted Answer

A)   improves; less
B)   does not improve; more
C)   improves; more
D)   does not improve; lessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 20

According to a study conducted by Honts and colleagues (1994) , the use of countermeasures _____ the detection of guilty suspects by 50%, and the examiners _____ able to tell that the suspects were manipulating their own arousal patterns.

Accepted Answer

A)   reduced; were not.
B)   increased; were
C)   reduced; were
D)   increased; were notE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Lie Detection

The guilty knowledge test (GKT) is one of the most promising polygraph techniques to date. However, there are some limitations to its usefulness. Which of the following is one of the main limitations of GKT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, when police use the polygraph, it is usually done for the purpose of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basic theory behind the polygraph is that lying:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Lying is considered an adaptive behavior, from a(n) _____ point of view.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the techniques looking at brain activity patterns, _____ is better able to locate the precise area of the brain activity, whereas _____ is better able to determine the timing of the activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of error is committed when a guilty suspect is misclassified as innocent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our tendency to seek out information that supports our beliefs is otherwise known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a comparison question suitable for the CQT polygraph technique?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lucas is very worried that somebody may find out about his activities in drug trade. When asked questions about drug selling, he would deny any involvement and likely experience the following physiological changes that are recorded by the polygraph:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The comparison question test (CQT) posits that guilty individuals react more strongly to _____ questions, whereas innocent individuals react more strongly to _____ questions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the 1960s-1980s, polygraph use was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss research on the scientific validity of the polygraph.

Correct Answerverified•The accuracy of the polygraph is not ne...View AnswerShow Answer

Lying can best be described as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The technique that uses systematic analysis of written statements to assess the credibility of accounts related to a particular event is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research completed by Bond and DePaulo (2006) , people's ability to distinguish lies has a _____ above-chance rate of accuracy, and efforts to improve people's ability to discern lies have _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marissa is being polygraphed using the guilty knowledge test (GKT) . This test focuses on whether Marissa:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

According to the text, the actual level of accuracy of polygraph techniques is likely:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, the _____ intelligence hypothesis posits that human intelligence was accelerated by the need for humans to develop social skills related to manipulation, pretense, and deception.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimental research has demonstrated that when actual interrogation training videos are used, the training _____ people's ability to detect deception and makes people _____ confident about their judgments.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

According to a study conducted by Honts and colleagues (1994) , the use of countermeasures _____ the detection of guilty suspects by 50%, and the examiners _____ able to tell that the suspects were manipulating their own arousal patterns.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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Among the techniques looking at brain activity patterns, _ is better able to locate the precise area of the brain activity, whereas _ is better able to determine the timing of the activity.

Correct Answer
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The comparison question test (CQT) posits that guilty individuals react more strongly to _ questions, whereas innocent individuals react more strongly to _ questions.

Correct Answer
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•The accuracy of the polygraph is not ne...
View Answer

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According to research completed by Bond and DePaulo (2006) , people's ability to distinguish lies has a _ above-chance rate of accuracy, and efforts to improve people's ability to discern lies have _.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Experimental research has demonstrated that when actual interrogation training videos are used, the training _ people's ability to detect deception and makes people _ confident about their judgments.

Correct Answer
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B

According to a study conducted by Honts and colleagues (1994) , the use of countermeasures _ the detection of guilty suspects by 50%, and the examiners _ able to tell that the suspects were manipulating their own arousal patterns.

Correct Answer
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