Question 1

Although the improvement is only moderate, relaxation techniques have been shown to have a positive effect on

Accepted Answer

A)  headaches.
B)  hypertension (high blood pressure) .
C)  pain.
D)  all of theseE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The procedure known as biofeedback involves a process by which a person is first helped to become aware of his/her

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological functions.
B)  psychological state of mind.
C)  negative thoughts.
D)  level of pain.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

For coping with chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome and hypertension, ________ is considered generally more effective than either ___________ or ______________alone.

Accepted Answer

A)  a stress-management programme; biofeedback; relaxation techniques
B)  biofeedback; relaxation techniques; a stress-management programme
C)  relaxation techniques; biofeedback; a stress-management programme
D)  relaxation, biofeedback, and stress-management programmes are all considered equally effectiveE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Steve and Diana have recently learned that they are HIV positive following sexual intercourse with infected partners.What changes in their behaviour should occur in the future?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diane will now have sex only if her partner uses a condom.
B)  Both Steve and Diane will be sure to tell future sexual partners that they are HIV positive.
C)  Both Steve and Diane will stop sharing needles with other drug users.
D)  All of the above.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

In which of the following ways do psychological and social factors influence health?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can affect basic biological processes resulting in illness and disease.
B)  Risky behaviours can increase the likelihood of developing physical disorders.
C)  both of these
D)  neither of theseE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The immune system is weakened in AIDS patients because the human immunodeficiency virus directly attacks the lymphocytes called

Accepted Answer

A)  killer T cells.
B)  T4 (helper cells) .
C)  suppressor T cells.
D)  B cells.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

'AIDS, a disease of the immune system, is directly affected by stress.Stress may then promote the deadly progression of the disease.' These two statements are an example of ________ factors influencing ________ processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological; biological
B)  biological; psychological
C)  sociocultural; genetic
D)  genetic; socioculturalE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

A controlled research study investigating the effects of a cognitive-behavioural treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome resulted in improvement on

Accepted Answer

A)  measures of fatigue.
B)  measures of illness belief.
C)  both measures of fatigue and measures of illness belief.
D)  neither measures of fatigue nor measures of illness belief.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Define and describe the new fields of behavioural medicine and health psychology.

Accepted Answer

In the field of behavioural medicine, kn...

Question 10

Comprehensive pain-management programmes usually include programmes for teaching patients about

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxation.
B)  meditation.
C)  both meditation and relaxation.
D)  neither meditation nor relaxation.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

When pain is induced after people are given a placebo, they feel less pain because

Accepted Answer

A)  the endogenous opioid system is activated.
B)  they simply report less pain.
C)  they think they feel less pain.
D)  they pretend to have pain.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

In the 1970s, Herbert Benson developed a brief relaxation procedure that involved focusing on a

Accepted Answer

A)  word.
B)  photo.
C)  person.
D)  musical note.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Research has shown that increased levels of cortisol in response to stress may cause damage to parts of the

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal system.
B)  brain.
C)  lungs.
D)  stomach.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

According to Holroyd et al.(1984) , biofeedback may decrease pain because it

Accepted Answer

A)  instils a sense of control over the pain.
B)  decreases tension.
C)  increases awareness of the body.
D)  decreases sensitivity to pain.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Essential hypertension refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the need to hold blood pressure levels constant.
B)  hypertension caused by a disease.
C)  hypertension caused by pregnancy.
D)  hypertension with no verifiable physical cause.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The only effective prevention strategy currently available for reducing the spread of AIDS appears to be

Accepted Answer

A)  a vaccine.
B)  medications.
C)  changing high-risk behaviour.
D)  educating people about the risk of the disease.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an example of the complex interaction of physical and psychological factors in the experience of pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  the gate control theory of pain
B)  phantom limb pain
C)  chronic pain
D)  delusional painE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

It has been suggested that biofeedback relieves the pain of tension headaches because it 'teaches people to relax', but it is more likely that

Accepted Answer

A)  the patients whose pain is seemingly relieved by biofeedback are probably also taking aspirin or Tylenol.
B)  biofeedback training gives patients a sense of control over their headache pain.
C)  biofeedback has a 'numbing effect' because it affects the nerve endings in the somatic nervous system.
D)  patients experience a placebo effect because the headache pain returns once the biofeedback sessions are completed.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome developed by Michael Sharpe includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  medication.
B)  increased activity.
C)  regulated rest periods.
D)  breathing exercises.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following factors does NOT accurately represent the circumstances regarding women and HIV/AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women frequently do not consider themselves at risk because most media coverage of the AIDS epidemic has focused on gay white males.
B)  Most research on the spread of AIDS has ignored the disease in women.
C)  Women accounted for 50% of new AIDS cases in 2003.
D)  The highest age of risk for women is after age 25.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 9: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology Physical Disorders and Health Psychology

Define and describe the new fields of behavioural medicine and health psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn the field of behavioural medicine, kn...View AnswerShow Answer

The immune system is weakened in AIDS patients because the human immunodeficiency virus directly attacks the lymphocytes called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The procedure known as biofeedback involves a process by which a person is first helped to become aware of his/her

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When pain is induced after people are given a placebo, they feel less pain because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For coping with chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome and hypertension, ________ is considered generally more effective than either ___________ or ______________alone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comprehensive pain-management programmes usually include programmes for teaching patients about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Essential hypertension refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following ways do psychological and social factors influence health?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only effective prevention strategy currently available for reducing the spread of AIDS appears to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A controlled research study investigating the effects of a cognitive-behavioural treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome resulted in improvement on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It has been suggested that biofeedback relieves the pain of tension headaches because it 'teaches people to relax', but it is more likely that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the improvement is only moderate, relaxation techniques have been shown to have a positive effect on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

'AIDS, a disease of the immune system, is directly affected by stress.Stress may then promote the deadly progression of the disease.' These two statements are an example of ________ factors influencing ________ processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome developed by Michael Sharpe includes all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors does NOT accurately represent the circumstances regarding women and HIV/AIDS?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the 1970s, Herbert Benson developed a brief relaxation procedure that involved focusing on a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Holroyd et al.(1984) , biofeedback may decrease pain because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Steve and Diana have recently learned that they are HIV positive following sexual intercourse with infected partners.What changes in their behaviour should occur in the future?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that increased levels of cortisol in response to stress may cause damage to parts of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an example of the complex interaction of physical and psychological factors in the experience of pain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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In the field of behavioural medicine, kn...
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For coping with chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome and hypertension, __ is considered generally more effective than either _ or __________alone.

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'AIDS, a disease of the immune system, is directly affected by stress.Stress may then promote the deadly progression of the disease.' These two statements are an example of factors influencing processes.

Correct Answer
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