Question 1

Research findings have suggested that it might not be the stressful event itself that lowers immune system functioning but rather the accompanying ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dissociation
B)  isolation
C)  depression
D)  angerE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the leading cause of death in the USA was

Accepted Answer

A)  automobile accidents.
B)  infectious diseases.
C)  heart attacks.
D)  suicides.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following statements about AIDS is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  An infected person immediately develops AIDS-related complex (AR
C)  .
B)  The median time for the development of full-blown AIDS is around seven to ten years.
C)  The death rate from AIDS has increased 80% since 1990.
D)  The current successful treatment of AIDS is the result of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) , which eliminates the virus.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

In 1936 Canadian researcher Hans Selye discovered that giving injections to laboratory rats caused them to develop ulcers.His finding led to a new area of study called

Accepted Answer

A)  stress physiology.
B)  stress psychology.
C)  animal psychology.
D)  psychosomatic pathology.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

In the 1960s, Neal Miller, using _________ with animals, discovered the first experimental evidence that physiological functions were subject to voluntary control.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning
B)  physical retraining
C)  operant conditioning
D)  obedience trainingE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT describe an effective psychosocial intervention that has been reported in oncology research studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of psychological treatments that reduce pain and depression and enhance feelings of well-being
B)  the use of videotapes and dolls that reduce children's stress and anxiety during medical procedures
C)  the use of therapy sessions that temporarily prolong life for breast cancer patients both during and after the intervention
D)  the use of cognitive imaging techniques that temporarily render the AIDS virus inactive for brief periodsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

With regard to the epidemic of AIDS in Africa, an individual is most likely to become HIV positive following

Accepted Answer

A)  heterosexual sex with an infected partner.
B)  homosexual sex with an infected partner.
C)  repeated injections with unsterilised needles.
D)  close non-sexual contact with an infected person.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following immune cells enhance immune system responses by signalling B cells to produce antibodies and signalling other T cells to destroy antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells
B)  helper T cells
C)  T suppressor cells
D)  NK cellsE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

In biofeedback procedures, clinicians use physiological monitoring equipment to make the responses ______________ to the patient.

Accepted Answer

A)  visible
B)  audible
C)  visible and/or audible
D)  tactileE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Pain may be associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased natural killer (NK)  cells.
B)  increased natural killer (NK)  cells.
C)  increased B cells.
D)  decreased T cells.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

In a stressful events record, clients in a pain-management programme are asked to record

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic symptoms only.
B)  thoughts that occur during stress but not somatic symptoms.
C)  thoughts that occur during stress as well as somatic symptoms.
D)  the intensity of the stress, but not thoughts or somatic symptoms.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Continuous secretion of the stress hormone cortisol by the adrenal glands can lead to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to the hippocampus.
B)  impaired functioning of the immune system.
C)  muscle atrophy.
D)  low blood pressure in the cardiovascular system.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Research on the placebo effect is valuable because it

Accepted Answer

A)  shows that it is difficult to separate the effects of biochemical and psychological factors on brain function.
B)  may make it possible to more efficiently integrate placebo and drug treatments.
C)  can help us understand the mechanisms by which drugs are effective in pain treatment
D)  all of theseE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Knowledge derived from the behavioural sciences applied to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of medical problems is called

Accepted Answer

A)  health psychology.
B)  behavioural medicine.
C)  psychophysiological disorders.
D)  psychosomatic medicine.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Cardiac problems have recently been found to be related to

Accepted Answer

A)  anger.
B)  anxiety.
C)  depression.
D)  all of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Estimates regarding the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  12% of the population in South Africa is infected with HIV/AIDS, which corresponds to 17% the cases of HIV/AIDS worldwide.
B)  the prevalence of HIV in South African does not differ by race or province.
C)  the life expectancy of people living with HIV and AIDS receiving ART in South Africa is about 50% of normal life expectancy, as long as treatment is started early.
D)  all of the aboveE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The development of chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  an extremely stressful life event.
B)  over-exercise.
C)  achievement-oriented lifestyles.
D)  a tendency to minimise pain.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

In the mid-nineteenth century, symptoms of fatigue, vague aches and pains, low-grade fever and lack of energy were attributed to a disorder called _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurasthenia
B)  neurosis
C)  hysteria
D)  somatic syndromeE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The 'natural' opioids called endorphins or enkephalins act like neurotransmitters to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase awareness of pain.
B)  shut down the sensation of pain.
C)  cause a 'natural' addiction.
D)  relieve the pain caused by a heroin overdose.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Since heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States, it would be very important, in terms of prevention, to determine if

Accepted Answer

A)  better medications can be found to treat heart disease.
B)  changes in behaviour, lifestyle and attitude can prevent heart attacks.
C)  psychotherapy can help people adjust to having an artificial heart.
D)  heart transplants can be made available to more patients.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 9: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology Physical Disorders and Health Psychology

Research on the placebo effect is valuable because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a stressful events record, clients in a pain-management programme are asked to record

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the leading cause of death in the USA was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Estimates regarding the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT describe an effective psychosocial intervention that has been reported in oncology research studies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about AIDS is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 'natural' opioids called endorphins or enkephalins act like neurotransmitters to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the mid-nineteenth century, symptoms of fatigue, vague aches and pains, low-grade fever and lack of energy were attributed to a disorder called _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Continuous secretion of the stress hormone cortisol by the adrenal glands can lead to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With regard to the epidemic of AIDS in Africa, an individual is most likely to become HIV positive following

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1936 Canadian researcher Hans Selye discovered that giving injections to laboratory rats caused them to develop ulcers.His finding led to a new area of study called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research findings have suggested that it might not be the stressful event itself that lowers immune system functioning but rather the accompanying ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cardiac problems have recently been found to be related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the 1960s, Neal Miller, using _________ with animals, discovered the first experimental evidence that physiological functions were subject to voluntary control.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States, it would be very important, in terms of prevention, to determine if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In biofeedback procedures, clinicians use physiological monitoring equipment to make the responses ______________ to the patient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Knowledge derived from the behavioural sciences applied to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of medical problems is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The development of chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following immune cells enhance immune system responses by signalling B cells to produce antibodies and signalling other T cells to destroy antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pain may be associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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