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The technique in which managers and subordinates collaborate on setting goals and reviewing performance is


A) motivation by organisation.
B) management by observation.
C) maintaining better output.
D) management by objectives.
E) motivation by openness.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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When a manager has a choice, positive reinforcement should be used before negative reinforcement.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a physiological need?


A) Sleep
B) Shelter
C) Food and water
D) Safe working conditions
E) Clothing

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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D

The idea that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are distinct dimensions is referred to as


A) the hierarchy of needs.
B) Theory X and Theory Y.
C) scientific management.
D) the motivation-hygiene theory.
E) the reinforcement theory.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The Hawthorne studies showed that ____ are equal to salary motivation.


A) work surroundings
B) increases in money
C) human factors
D) working tools
E) the ways salaries are earned

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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All of the following are characteristics of McGregor's Theory X except


A) people have the ability to help accomplish an organisation's goals.
B) people dislike work and try to avoid it.
C) managers must coerce, control, and threaten employees.
D) people must be led because they have little ambition.
E) people are concerned mainly with security.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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A

Theory X by Douglas McGregor is generally consistent with which other theory?


A) Taylor's
B) Herzberg's
C) Maslow's
D) Vroom's
E) Hawthorne's

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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A contemporary manager who wants employees to have more control over their work might implement either


A) the Theory X or Theory Y system.
B) MBO or job enrichment.
C) job enrichment or the Theory X system.
D) MBO or a reward system that emphasises Theory X.
E) Theory X and Theory Y.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following is not a level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?


A) Self-actualisation
B) Safety
C) Psychological
D) Social
E) Esteem

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The motivational technique that is made possible through the use of personal computers, modems, fax machines, voice mail, mobile phones, and overnight delivery service is referred to as


A) job enrichment.
B) telecommuting.
C) job redesign.
D) employee empowerment.
E) flextime.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Before manager Kim can begin the MBO process with her associates, what step needs to be taken?


A) Her associates need to decide for themselves what goals they want to achieve.
B) She needs to think about what goals she wants her associates to achieve.
C) Her managers, who make up top management, need to give annual goals to her.
D) She should talk with her associates about what resources they will need to achieve their goals.
E) She needs to evaluate the performance of each of her associates.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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When Walmart assumes that employees accept responsibility and work toward company goals and thus also achieve personal rewards, it is using


A) Theory M (for Maslow) .
B) scientific management theory.
C) Herzberg's theory of reinforcement.
D) Theory X.
E) Theory Y.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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A strong sense of accomplishment probably satisfies which level of need?


A) Physiological
B) Self-actualisation
C) Social
D) Safety
E) Esteem

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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E

The need for esteem concerns an employee's desire for


A) safety.
B) survival.
C) a sense of belonging.
D) self-worth.
E) self-direction.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, security needs, and self-importance needs.

A) True
B) False

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At Jack's Automotive Repair, the mechanics rarely interacted directly with customers.Work orders were processed by the customer service department and passed on to the mechanics.After experiencing excessive customer complaints about the poor quality of work, Jack realised he was not motivating his mechanics to do quality work.To rectify the situation, Jack designated all of his employees as customer service representatives.The mechanics' roles were expanded to include direct customer contact.This motivational technique is called


A) job enlargement.
B) job redesign.
C) behaviour modification.
D) employee empowerment.
E) management by objectives (MBO) .

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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According to Maslow's theory, safety is the most basic and the most important need.

A) True
B) False

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Employee ownership is a situation in which


A) employees take much pride in their work and make decisions as though they owned the company.
B) employees actually buy a franchise, own it, and operate it on funds borrowed from the company.
C) employees own shares of stock in the company.
D) only employees own the stock of the company for which they work.
E) employees receive money to purchase stock in the company.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Gina Robinson, Inc.(GRI) GRI management has decided to reinvent the culture of the organisation.Previously, the company tried to make jobs more appealing by adding more responsibilities to each job description.However, this did not work.Next, the company decided to add flextime.It believed that this would create more dedicated employees. GRI then introduced even more work options for employees.For example, management decided to group all full-time employees into teams to allow employees with different backgrounds to learn from each other.Many different kinds of teams were allowed, as long as the group members did not interact via the Internet or any other electronic means.The managers reasoned that team members must work face to face to learn from and truly engage with each other. Once these teams were formed, GRI management noticed that the quality of employees' work was much improved.The managers also observed that people felt much more comfortable with and tolerant of each other. -Refer to Gina Robinson, Inc.If GRI management were to allow employees to work at home for a portion of the work week, which of these practices would they be introducing?


A) Travel compensation
B) Telecommuting
C) Job sharing
D) Part-time
E) Flextime

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following stages is not a part of the team development process?


A) Forming
B) Performing
C) Norming
D) Adjourning
E) Remanding

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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