Question 1

After eating a foot-long spicy chili dog at the homecoming game,your friend becomes violently ill.Now he cannot stand to eat chili,but still loves hot dogs.His ability to eat hot dogs was likely spared because of

Accepted Answer

A)   discrimination training.
B)   stimulus generalization.
C)   overshadowing.
D)   contextual conditioning.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

When pigeons are trained to respond to avoid shock in the presence of a combined light/tone stimulus,the _____ is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   light
B)   tone
C)   context of the test chamber
D)   Stimulus control is likely to vary widely across individuals.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

In a stimulus discrimination procedure,subjects are

Accepted Answer

A)   repeatedly exposed to a single stimulus as a cue for the availability of a reinforcer.
B)   exposed once to a single stimulus as a cue for the availability of a reinforcer.
C)   exposed to at least two stimuli, only one of which is a cue for the availability of a reinforcer.
D)   exposed to at least two stimuli, all of which signal the availability of a reinforcer.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak-shift phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   It predicts the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap.
B)   It predicts behavior based on the excitatory properties of a stimulus complex.
C)   It assumes that responses to a stimulus are based on the relation of that stimulus to other cues in the situation.
D)   It predicts that the shape of a generalization gradient will change as a function of the test stimuli.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

How might a music teacher use learning factors of stimulus control to train students to recognize different tones?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might a music teacher use learning...

Question 6

A loud buzzer is paired with a dim light as a signal for a dog to press a lever to gain access to food.The dog quickly learns to respond to the buzzer alone,but does not learn to respond vigorously to the light alone.According to the configural-cue approach,this is because of

Accepted Answer

A)   the type of reinforcer being delivered.
B)   the type of response required of the dog.
C)   a generalization decrement from training to test trials.
D)   the evolutionary configuration of appetitive responding.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Suppose you want your goldfish to swim to the top of the tank only when you shine a red light,and no other color,into the water.Assuming the fish can see most colors,to condition the fish you should

Accepted Answer

A)   train it only with the red light.
B)   use red, blue, and yellow lights, and only reward the fish for swimming to the surface when the red light is used.
C)   use red, orange, and purple lights, and only reward the fish for swimming to the surface when the red light is used.
D)   withhold training until the testing phase.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Your roommate gets excited every time he receives mail.Even junk mailings bring him joy.His behavior towards the mail demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus control.
B)   stimulus discrimination.
C)   stimulus generalization.
D)   stimulus learning.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

The term "occasion setters" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   modulators of the response-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning.
B)   modulators of the stimulus-response relationship in instrumental conditioning.
C)   modulators of the stimulus-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning.
D)   modulators of the CS-US relationship in classical conditioning.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

What is the difference between facilitation and modulation? Provide an example
of each.

Accepted Answer

Facilitation and modulation are terms of...

Question 11

According to Spence,discrimination training results in

Accepted Answer

A)   only excitatory conditioning.
B)   only inhibitory conditioning.
C)   either excitatory or inhibitory conditioning.
D)   both excitatory and inhibitory conditioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants....

Question 13

In the peak-shift phenomenon,the peak performance shifts

Accepted Answer

A)   to the training S+.
B)   to the training S-.
C)   from the training S+ away from the training S-.
D)   from the training S+ towards the training S-.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Stimulus equivalence training refers to procedures in which

Accepted Answer

A)   two different stimuli are trained to elicit different responses.
B)   the same response to two or more different stimuli results in different reinforcers.
C)   two or more different stimuli are treated in the same fashion.
D)   the same response to a single stimulus is rewarded with different outcomes.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training.The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones.Every time the students hear a middle C,they are to raise their right hands.Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Accepted Answer

A)   be flat.
B)   rise steeply just before the middle C mark, then drop immediately after.
C)   rise to a high at middle C and remain there.
D)   gradually rise and fall, with a peak at middle C.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The instrumental behavior of dogs trained on a go/no-go discrimination task was controlled by the stimulus cue's quality.Dogs trained to lift a right or left leg learned to respond to the location of the cue.This demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)   the type of reinforcement plays a role in determining stimulus control.
B)   the stimulus salience plays a role in determining stimulus control.
C)   the type of response required plays a role in determining stimulus control.
D)   overshadowing plays a role in determining stimulus control.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following pairs of stimuli is least likely to result in a peak-shift effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   S+ = red light: S- = yellow light
B)   S+ = 900 Hz tone: S- = 990 Hz tone
C)   S+ = 90 degree line: S- = 45 degree line
D)   S+ = red square: S- = blue triangleE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Describe a way to determine if an animal is demonstrating stimulus generalization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe a way to determine if an...

Question 19

Which of the following conditioning procedures will result in the flattest stimulus generalization gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)   no training prior to testing with various frequency tones
B)   S+ = 500 Hz tone; S- = no tone
C)   S+ = 1000 Hz tone; S- = 900 Hz tone
D)   S+ = 600 Hz tone: S- = 500 Hz toneE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

According to Spence's theory of discrimination learning,discrimination training results in

Accepted Answer

A)   only the development of an excitatory generalization gradient around the S+.
B)   the development of an excitatory generalization gradient around the S+, but an inhibitory generalization gradient around the S-.
C)   the development of an excitatory generalization gradient around both the S+ and S-.
D)   only the development of an excitatory generalization gradient around the S-.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 8: Stimulus Control of Behavior

In the peak-shift phenomenon,the peak performance shifts

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Your roommate gets excited every time he receives mail.Even junk mailings bring him joy.His behavior towards the mail demonstrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training.The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones.Every time the students hear a middle C,they are to raise their right hands.Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The instrumental behavior of dogs trained on a go/no-go discrimination task was controlled by the stimulus cue's quality.Dogs trained to lift a right or left leg learned to respond to the location of the cue.This demonstrates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Spence's theory of discrimination learning,discrimination training results in

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The term "occasion setters" refers to

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When pigeons are trained to respond to avoid shock in the presence of a combined light/tone stimulus,the _____ is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditioning procedures will result in the flattest stimulus generalization gradient?

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A loud buzzer is paired with a dim light as a signal for a dog to press a lever to gain access to food.The dog quickly learns to respond to the buzzer alone,but does not learn to respond vigorously to the light alone.According to the configural-cue approach,this is because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you want your goldfish to swim to the top of the tank only when you shine a red light,and no other color,into the water.Assuming the fish can see most colors,to condition the fish you should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Spence,discrimination training results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After eating a foot-long spicy chili dog at the homecoming game,your friend becomes violently ill.Now he cannot stand to eat chili,but still loves hot dogs.His ability to eat hot dogs was likely spared because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How might a music teacher use learning factors of stimulus control to train students to recognize different tones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a stimulus discrimination procedure,subjects are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants.

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Describe a way to determine if an animal is demonstrating stimulus generalization.

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Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak-shift phenomenon?

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Stimulus equivalence training refers to procedures in which

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Which of the following pairs of stimuli is least likely to result in a peak-shift effect?

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What is the difference between facilitation and modulation? Provide an example of each.

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Facilitation and modulation are terms of...
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