Question 1

How does the opponent-process theory of motivation explain drug tolerance and addictive behaviors? What is the evidence for the underlying mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the opponent-process theory of motivation...

Question 2

Applying a shock to the tail of the Aplysia

Accepted Answer

A)  has no effect on the responses to stimulation of the siphon or mantle.
B)  increases responding to stimulation of the mantle but not the siphon.
C)  increases responding to stimulation of the siphon but not the mantle.
D)  increases responding to stimulation of both the siphon and mantle.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Describe how habituation and sensitization are involved in emotion regulation and drug addiction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how habituation and sensitization are involved...

Question 4

Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nervous system
B)  the sense organ
C)  the muscle tissue
D)  the interneuronE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

The dual-process theory can account for qualitative differences

Accepted Answer

A)  between short-term and long-term habituation.
B)  between sensitization and long-term habituation.
C)  between sensitization and short-term habituation.
D)  among sensitization, short-term habituation, and long-term habituation.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Elicited behaviors are interesting to researchers studying learning because of which following result?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are invariant and make good controls.
B)  They are present in most animals except humans and provide clues to the evolution of behavior.
C)  They do not occur the same way each time the eliciting stimulus is presented.
D)  They allow for voluntary behavior in non-human animals.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Behaviors such as foraging for food in animals and cooking food in humans are classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  consummatory behaviors.
B)  releasing behaviors.
C)  appetitive behaviors.
D)  supranormal behaviors.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

If all the members of a species perform the same behavior, this is an indication

Accepted Answer

A)  that an instinct is mediating behavior.
B)  that a fixed action pattern is mediating behavior.
C)  that the behavior is inherited.
D)  of none of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The opponent-process theory assumes

Accepted Answer

A)  the a process is inefficient.
B)  the b process is inefficient.
C)  the a and b processes are inefficient.
D)  the a and b processes are independent.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

What is the role of facilitory interneurons in sensitization of the gill-withdrawal reflex of aplysia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of facilitory interneurons...

Question 11

What is the difference between a modal action pattern and a simple general reflex? Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between a modal...

Question 12

Describe how researchers ensure that fatigue and sensory adaptation are not the cause of response decrements in experiments investigating habituation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how researchers ensure that fatigue and...

Question 13

Discuss the importance of behavioral sequences.What role do appetitive and consummatory behaviors play in organizing behavior? How do general search, focal search, and consummatory behaviors differ? Provide examples of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the importance of behavioral sequences.What role...

Question 14

Repeated presentation of a stimulus will cause which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  both habituation and sensitization effects
B)  either habituation or sensitization effects, depending on the subject's level of arousal
C)  only habituation effects or only sensitization effects, regardless of background conditions
D)  invariant behavior changes if it is a true eliciting stimulusE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The dual-process theory suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Habituation processes occur in parts of the nervous system that determine the organism's general level of responsiveness.
B)  Habituation processes occur in the shortest neural path between sense organs and muscles.
C)  Habituation and sensitization processes occur in the parts of the nervous system that determine the organism's general level of responsiveness.
D)  Habituation and sensitization processes determine the animal's general readiness to respond.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Of the following, which is true of sign stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sign stimuli release behaviors that are performed in the same way every time.
B)  Sign stimuli characteristically release the same behavior across several species.
C)  Researchers are unable to determine which sign stimuli release behaviors.
D)  The optimal sign stimulus may not occur naturally.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order in a foraging behavior sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  general search, food handling, focal search
B)  focal search, general search, food handling
C)  general search, focal search, food handling
D)  food handling, focal search, general searchE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Fatigue occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nervous system
B)  the sense organ
C)  the muscle tissue
D)  the interneuronE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Habituation processes occur in the system.Sensitization processes occur in the system.

Accepted Answer

A)  state; sensory
B)  S-R; S-S
C)  S-R; state
D)  state; S-SE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

According to one study using lemon and lime juice to investigate the role of familiarity of food and its rated pleasantness, which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  As we encounter a food over and over, we become familiar with it, and it increases in pleasantness.
B)  As we repeatedly encounter a taste, it initially increases then decreases in pleasantness.
C)  As we repeatedly encounter a taste, it initially decreases then increases in pleasantness.
D)  Overeating may be discouraged by varying the foods that are available.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Which of the following is the correct order in a foraging behavior sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the opponent-process theory of motivation explain drug tolerance and addictive behaviors? What is the evidence for the underlying mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how habituation and sensitization are involved in emotion regulation and drug addiction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The opponent-process theory assumes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of facilitory interneurons in sensitization of the gill-withdrawal reflex of aplysia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If all the members of a species perform the same behavior, this is an indication

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The dual-process theory can account for qualitative differences

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to one study using lemon and lime juice to investigate the role of familiarity of food and its rated pleasantness, which of the following is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the importance of behavioral sequences.What role do appetitive and consummatory behaviors play in organizing behavior? How do general search, focal search, and consummatory behaviors differ? Provide examples of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repeated presentation of a stimulus will cause which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following, which is true of sign stimuli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behaviors such as foraging for food in animals and cooking food in humans are classified as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fatigue occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Applying a shock to the tail of the Aplysia

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how researchers ensure that fatigue and sensory adaptation are not the cause of response decrements in experiments investigating habituation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Habituation processes occur in the system.Sensitization processes occur in the system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a modal action pattern and a simple general reflex? Provide an example of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elicited behaviors are interesting to researchers studying learning because of which following result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The dual-process theory suggests which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified