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Exam 12: Social Behavior

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Question 61

Multiple Choice

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Inferences that people draw about the causes of events and theirs and others' behaviors are known as ​

A) prejudices.
B) attributions.
C) self-serving biases.
D) stereotypes.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Question 62

Multiple Choice

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Travis saw a television advertisement in which a cell phone service provider showed pleasant family scenes while some relaxing music played in the background. Later, when Travis is asked about this particular provider, he has a positive attitude toward its service, even though he actually uses a different cell phone service. Travis's attitude appears to have developed through the process of

A) cognitive dissonance.
B) classical conditioning.
C) observational learning.
D) operant conditioning.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 63

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is NOT a reason that evolutionary psychologists propose to explain the biases associated with person perception?

It is commonly believed that most political elections are determined by the public's impressions of the candidates rather than the candidates' views on the issues. What are some possible reasons for this irrational voting behavior? If the public were more knowledgeable about factors that affect person perception and attitudes, how might that knowledge influence voting behavior?

The fundamental attribution error leads observers to attribute the crime and poverty of urban ethnic neighborhoods to the ​

_____ attributions ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions and _____ attributions to situational demands.

When Jerry thought he was the only person who was assigned the job of contacting alumni for a 15-year reunion, he spent several hours on the phone each evening trying to reach members of his graduating class. When he learned that eight other people were also working on contacting the alumni, he spent only 30 minutes each night making phone calls. The process that would BEST explain the decrease in Jerry's effort when he learned that he was working as part of a larger group is

Lewis has agreed to proofread a long legal brief that Trudy has written, even though he doesn't really like Trudy. Lewis knows that he will not receive any additional pay for his extra work, and he thinks that proofreading is one of the most boring jobs there is. However, after the legal brief is finished, Lewis decides that proofreading isn't such a bad job after all; he feels that at times he actually enjoys the exacting work. Lewis's change in attitude can BEST be explained using

Widely held beliefs about groups of people based on their group membership defines ​

When Sue's friends decide to go to a movie instead of a restaurant, Sue goes along with them because she is afraid her friends will reject her if she doesn't.  Sue's behavior is being influenced by ​

Which of the following dimensions of attitudes are MOST likely to be correlated?

According to Janis, what is the major cause of groupthink?

Carly is watching television and notices that she has seen the same commercial four times during the same program. She wonders why a company would pay for so many identical advertisements, so it seems she is unfamiliar with the _____ effect.

As a result of the fundamental attribution error, if you observe a construction worker relaxing under a tree, you would be MOST likely to conclude that the worker is

Behaving unfairly to members of a certain group is known as _____.

Research on the elaboration likelihood model of attitude change suggests that the _____ route leads to more enduring attitude change and better predicts future behavior.

Implicit racism in white subjects is associated with all of the following in interracial interactions EXCEPT ​

Edith is making a class presentation in which she is trying to convince the other students that a proposed change in the requirements for a degree in education will be beneficial in the long run. Based on the research into factors that influence persuasion, Edith will be MOST persuasive if she ​

Jane's eight-year-old son brought a note home from school stating that he was involved in a fight at recess. Which of the following is an example of an external attribution that Jane might make to explain her son's behavior?

Karen is a graduate student in psychology and proposes to use Milgram's procedure to study whether men or women are more likely to exhibit obedience. MOST likely, her faculty advisor will tell her ​