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To obtain office supplies for Doctors Medical Clinic, Emma executes a draft in favor of Floyd. A draft is


A) a conditional promise to pay money.
B) an unconditional written order to pay money.
C) a qualified promise to set aside a sum of money.
D) a restricted promise to deliver goods at a future date.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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To borrow funds to finance his business, Rollo executes an instrument in favor of Security Bank. For the instrument to be negotiable, the signature must be


A) anywhere on the instrument.
B) anywhere on the lower half of the instrument only.
C) in the lower left -hand corner of the instrument only.
D) in the lower right -hand corner of the instrument only.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Uniform Commercial Code applies to transactions involving negotiable instruments, except for bank deposits and collections.

A) True
B) False

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Ollie negotiates an order instrument to Phil by


A) assignment of its rights under a contract.
B) delivery with any necessary indorsement.
C) making an unconditional promise to pay.
D) presenting it in response to a demand by B.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A bearer is a person to whom an instrument is made payable.

A) True
B) False

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With respect to negotiability, it is necessary to know when the maker, drawee, or acceptor is required to pay.

A) True
B) False

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A conditional promise or order can be negotiable if the terms are included in writing in an instrument.

A) True
B) False

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Brie signs an instrument in which she promises to pay Carmen a certain price for her Dodge Dart. The instrument will be negotiable if it meets all of the requirements for negotiability, including that it is payable in


A) goods equal in value to the market price of the car.
B) money.
C) all of these.
D) services equal in value to the market price of the car.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Fact Pattern 22-1 Erin draws a check payable to "Foodland" to buy groceries. Refer to Fact Pattern 22-1. Erin's check is most likely


A) a certificate of deposit.
B) an order to pay.
C) a promise to pay.
D) a cashier's check

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Because a check specifies no time for payment, a check is a time instrument.

A) True
B) False

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An instrument recorded on an impermanent surface can still qualify as a negotiable instrument.

A) True
B) False

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Brad, the owner of Clear Cut Corporation, signs an instrument that includes the phrase "payment for this note will be made from the proceeds of next year's timber sale." This instrument is


A) not necessarily nonnegotiable .
B) nonnegotiable, because payment can be made only out of a particular source.
C) nonnegotiable, because it states an express condition to payment.
D) nonnegotiable, because the reasons for the note are not clear on its face.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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For a note or a certificate of deposit to be negotiable, it must be signed by the drawer .

A) True
B) False

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To finance the purchase of a house from Sander, Tobias signs an instrument promising to pay to "Uno Mortgage Company" $200,000 with interest in installments with the final payment due July 10, 2047. To be negotiable, this instrument must include the signature of


A) a non-party witness.
B) Sander or Sander's realtor.
C) Tobias.
D) all of these.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Karen writes on a piece of paper, "I owe you $600," signs it, and gives it to Lou. This instrument is


A) negotiable.
B) nonnegotiable, because it does not include an express promise to pay.
C) nonnegotiable, because it does not recite any consideration.
D) nonnegotiable, because it does not state any conditions to payment.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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On the back of an envelope, Phoebe writes, "I promise to pay Quint or bearer $600 on demand. [Signed] Phoebe." What type of instrument is this? Is it negotiable? If not, why not?

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This instrument is a promissory note and...

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Fact Pattern 22-3 To borrow the funds to pay tuition at State College, Tia signs an instrument unconditionally promising to pay to "United Credit Company" $17,500 with interest in installments with the final payment due June 30, 2028. Refer to Fact Pattern 22-3. With respect to this instrument, Tia is


A) the drawee.
B) the indorser.
C) the maker.
D) the payee.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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An indorsement is most often written on the back of an instrument itself.

A) True
B) False

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Mort negotiates an instrument to Nell. This is the transfer of an instrument


A) for valuable consideration under a contract.
B) in such form that the transferee becomes a holder.
C) pursuant to preliminary contract discussions.
D) without the payment of a recognized medium of exchange.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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When an instrument is payable on or before a stated date, the instrument is clearly nonnegotiable.

A) True
B) False

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