Question 1

The respiratory occlusion response in babies begins with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a swiping motion across the face; then the infant pulls away, then cries
B)  crying; then the infant pulls away, then swipes the face
C)  pulling the head back; then the infant swipes the face, then cries
D)  pulling the head back; then the infant cries, then swipes the faceE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

How does the dual-process theory account for habituation effects? Sensitization effects?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

The stabilimeter measures which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  startle responses in rats
B)  taxes in rats
C)  kinesis in rats
D)  orientation responses in ratsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Sensory adaptation refers to changes in responses that occur due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the nervous system that hinder transmission from sensory to motor neurons
B)  changes in the nervous system that facilitate transmission from sensory to motor neurons
C)  changes in the sensory receptors
D)  changes in the musclesE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Habituation is to sensitization as

Accepted Answer

A)  motor is to sensory.
B)  S-R is to state.
C)  S-S is to S-R.
D)  state is to S-S.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Of the following, which is true of sign stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sign stimuli release behaviors that are performed in the same way every time.
B)  Sign stimuli characteristically release the same behavior across several species.
C)  Researchers are unable to determine which sign stimuli release behaviors.
D)  The optimal sign stimulus may not occur naturally.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is a true statement about habituation?

Accepted Answer

A)  increases responsiveness to a stimulus with repeated presentations
B)  decreases responsiveness to a stimulus with repeated presentations
C)  either increases or decreases responsiveness to a stimulus with repeated presentations, depending on the background cues
D)  both increases and decreases responsiveness to a stimulus with repeated presentationsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase sensitivity of the motor neuron.
B)  increase the release of neurotransmitter from the sensory neuron.
C)  decrease the sensitivity of the motor neuron.
D)  decrease the release of neurotransmitter from the motor neuron.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

What is the role of facilitory interneurons in sensitization of the gill-withdrawal reflex of aplysia ?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of a modal action pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  The eliciting stimulus is usually easy to identify.
B)  They are species-specific response patterns.
C)  The threshold for eliciting the behavior is relatively invariant.
D)  The eliciting stimulus will have similar effects over different situations.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is most likely to be characterized as an appetitive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sparrow manipulating a seed in its beak
B)  a woman drinking a glass of milk
C)  a woodchuck chewing on a blade of grass
D)  a chef preparing a cream pieE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the respiratory occlusion reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes humans to hold their breath underwater.
B)  It is a multistage response to a reduction of airflow.
C)  It allows nursing to proceed when the nose is covered.
D)  It causes an infant to orient towards the nipple.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Describe how a researcher can determine which stimulus features elicit modal action patterns.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion after-effects directly.
B)  the a process directly.
C)  the b process directly.
D)  the a and b processes directly.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Explain the role of the S-R and state systems in elicited behaviors.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

According to the opponent-process theory, drug tolerance develops because

Accepted Answer

A)  the a process weakens.
B)  the b process weakens.
C)  the a process strengthens.
D)  the b process strengthens.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is the incorrect statement about reflexive behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most reflexes promote the well-being of the organism.
B)  Simple reflexes are not influenced by higher nervous system functions.
C)  Reflexes are the simplest form of elicited behavior.
D)  The organization of the nervous system determines the specificity of the stimulus\response relationship.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

According to Groves and Thompson (1970) , which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Habituation and sensitization processes occur in different parts of the nervous system.
B)  Habituation is similar to fatigue; sensitization is similar to adaptation.
C)  Habituation is similar to adaptation; sensitization is similar to fatigue.
D)  Both habituation and sensitization occur at the level of the sensory receptors.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Describe how habituation and sensitization are involved in emotion regulation and drug addiction.

Accepted Answer

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Exam 2: Elicited Behavior Habituation and Sensitization

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

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How does the dual-process theory account for habituation effects? Sensitization effects?

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In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to

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Habituation is to sensitization as

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Which of the following is true regarding the respiratory occlusion reflex?

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What is the role of facilitory interneurons in sensitization of the gill-withdrawal reflex of aplysia ?

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Explain the role of the S-R and state systems in elicited behaviors.

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Which of the following is a true statement about habituation?

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Which of the following is the incorrect statement about reflexive behaviors?

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Describe how habituation and sensitization are involved in emotion regulation and drug addiction.

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Describe how a researcher can determine which stimulus features elicit modal action patterns.

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According to Groves and Thompson (1970) , which of the following is true?

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The stabilimeter measures which of the following?

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Which of the following is most likely to be characterized as an appetitive behavior?

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According to the opponent-process theory, drug tolerance develops because

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Which of the following is one of the characteristics of a modal action pattern?

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Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

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The respiratory occlusion response in babies begins with which of the following?

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Of the following, which is true of sign stimuli?

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Sensory adaptation refers to changes in responses that occur due to which of the following?

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