Question 1

A nation-state is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   a country that once existed but no longer does
B)   a group of people who share a geographic territory, system of government, and sense of social cohesion
C)   a colony of an established nation that is in the process of achieving independence
D)   a political state in transition from one kind of government to anotherE) B) and C)
F) B) and D) B

Question 2

Which of the following women is considered to be a founder of sociology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Charlotte Gilman Perkins
B)   Jane Addams
C)   Mirra Komarovsky
D)   Harriet MartineauE) A) and D)
F) A) and B) D

Question 3

Which of the following examples illustrates that individuals' lives are not entirely shaped by social structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   The children of movie stars often go on to become movie stars.
B)   Oprah Winfrey was born into poverty but rose to become one of the wealthiest people in America.
C)   President Franklin D. Roosevelt was related to 11 other presidents.
D)   In the U.S., upward economic mobility-the ability to enter a social class that is higher than the one you were born into-is relatively weak.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

What is the difference between common sense and sociology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sociologists use specific theories and methods to ask critical questions about social life.
B)   Common sense is reliably accurate.
C)   Common sense is based on precise measurement.
D)   Sociological conclusions are based on haphazard observations.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The sociological canon is

Accepted Answer

A)   a collection of writing that was once important but that few sociologists read any more
B)   the entire body of sociological scholarship ever written
C)   the over-valued contributions of powerful but ultimately mediocre thinkers from the 19th century
D)   the ideas that have become seen as "required reading" to have a firm understanding of the foundations of sociologyE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Capitalism is

Accepted Answer

A)   an economic system in which the goods of society are distributed based on need
B)   an economic system that seeks to maximize the well-being for the greatest number of people
C)   an economic system in which the goods of society are distributed based on merit
D)   an economic system based on the private ownership of the things necessary for human life to surviveE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Rationalization is a feature of modern life in which social relationships become more

Accepted Answer

A)   standardized
B)   strained
C)   respected
D)   volatileE) None of the above
F) C) and D) A

Question 8

According to Marx, society is shaped primarily by the history of

Accepted Answer

A)   racial conflict.
B)   economic conflict
C)   conflict over gender
D)   religious conflict.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Who are the two authors of The Communist Manifesto?

Accepted Answer

A)   Marx and Hegel
B)   Marx and Engels
C)   DuBois and Marx
D)   Gilman Perkins and MarxE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which U.S. government agency collects data on employment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Department of Labor
B)   Department of Education
C)   Department of the Interior
D)   The Federal ReserveE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

American sociologist C. Wright Mills was especially critical of the

Accepted Answer

A)   U.S. legal system
B)   U.S. economy
C)   U.S. military
D)   U.S. educational systemE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

As sociology as a discipline developed in the second half of the 20th century

Accepted Answer

A)   it developed a bigger range of theories that focused on specific problems in specific times and places
B)   it no longer focused on theory, and instead shifted attention to methods of social scientific research
C)   it rejected calls for interdisciplinary work
D)   it renewed its commitment to theories that sought a unified explanation for human behaviorE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is not a criticism of consensus theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   It helps explain continuity.
B)   It does not explain social change.
C)   It ignores human suffering.
D)   It downplays the presence of conflict in society.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

During the late 18th century and through the 19th century, as sociology developed as a discipline, Western societies were experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   stability
B)   continuity
C)   major social change
D)   equalityE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

What is the thesis of Weber's The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Christians are more likely to be skeptical of the benefits of capitalism than are non-Christians.
B)   Protestants are slower to adopt capitalism than Catholics.
C)   When behaviors that support capitalism are viewed as morally and religiously good, they are more likely to take hold in communities that support those religious and moral views.
D)   People with strong religious ties are less likely to embrace capitalism than are people with weaker ties to their religion.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Why were so many early American sociologists interested in immigration?

Accepted Answer

A)   They feared immigrants and saw immigration as a problem to solve.
B)   They had little experience with immigration or immigrants, and were curious about them.
C)   They desired to increase immigration to the U.S. and hoped to collection social scientific data in support of pro-immigration policies.
D)   The U.S. was experiencing a very high rate of immigration in the late 1800s and early 1900s, which was creating many kinds of social changes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Feminism is

Accepted Answer

A)   a belief in the superiority of women over men
B)   a social movement seeking the recognition of equal rights regardless of gender
C)   a celebration of feminine subcultures
D)   a political movement focusing on the right to an abortionE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Globalization is

Accepted Answer

A)   the growing social, economic, cultural, and political interdependence of the world's people
B)   a social and political movement to remove international borders
C)   a social movement to provide care for people who have been displaced by international wars
D)   the effort to reduce friction between nations by creating political systems that are alikeE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

What metaphor did sociologist Erving Goffman use to explain social life?

Accepted Answer

A)   People are actors on a stage.
B)   People are acrobats in a circus.
C)   People are waiters in a restaurant.
D)   People are athletes on a field.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to globalization?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anti-immigrant policies sought to protect jobs for native-born white Americans, so immigrants resorted to entering the US without documentation.
B)   Regulations around air and water pollution united nations that were concerned about climate change.
C)   Immigrants moved to lands where industrialization provided job opportunities even for people with few skills.
D)   A demand among American consumers for exotic foods such as bananas and sugar created a new market for South American nations.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 2: American Sociology: Theories and Contexts

A nation-state is defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following women is considered to be a founder of sociology?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following examples illustrates that individuals' lives are not entirely shaped by social structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between common sense and sociology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sociological canon is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Capitalism is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rationalization is a feature of modern life in which social relationships become more

Correct AnswerverifiedA

According to Marx, society is shaped primarily by the history of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who are the two authors of The Communist Manifesto?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which U.S. government agency collects data on employment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

American sociologist C. Wright Mills was especially critical of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As sociology as a discipline developed in the second half of the 20th century

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a criticism of consensus theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the late 18th century and through the 19th century, as sociology developed as a discipline, Western societies were experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the thesis of Weber's The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why were so many early American sociologists interested in immigration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feminism is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Globalization is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What metaphor did sociologist Erving Goffman use to explain social life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to globalization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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