Question 1

In a study conducted by Haber and Barchas (1983) ,monkeys were injected with amphetamine,a central nervous system stimulant.Comparison of the drug's effects on the dominant versus submissive monkeys demonstrated that the effects of brain chemicals such as drugs are

Accepted Answer

A)   different for individual animals depending upon their place in the social hierarchy.
B)   the same for all animals regardless of their place in the social hierarchy.
C)   the same for all animals except for those with a biological predisposition for aggression.
D)   different for individual animals but the differences appear to be random.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

One important contribution of the work of Albert Bandura regarding modeling or observational
Learning is that

Accepted Answer

A)   much of our learned behavior depends upon our interactions with those around us.
B)   our learned behavior has much more to do with the types of consequences (reinforcements and punishments)  of our actions than our interactions with those around us.
C)   it is impossible to learn behavioral patterns without observing those around us.
D)   learning acquired through observation is much more resistant to extinction than behavior acquired through classical or operant conditioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends.Approximately ______ of Inga's enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

Accepted Answer

A)   25%
B)   50%
C)   75%
D)   100%E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The brain and the spinal cord comprise the

Accepted Answer

A)   peripheral nervous system.
B)   somatic nervous system.
C)   parasympathetic nervous system.
D)   central nervous system.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

While many fears are learned,some are more easily learned,or more prepared to be learned than others.The most likely fear-prepared stimulus below would be

Accepted Answer

A)   rocks.
B)   guns.
C)   spiders.
D)   electrical outlets.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The network of glands that release chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomic nervous system.
B)   somatic nervous system.
C)   limbic system.
D)   endocrine system.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Research exposing subjects to the virus that causes the common cold (Cohen et al.,1997) demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   the lower the individual's socialization, the lower the chances of contracting a cold.
B)   the greater the individual's socialization, the lower the chances of contracting a cold.
C)   extent of socialization and chances of contracting a cold were unrelated.
D)   the quality of social contact predicted whether the individual would contract a cold, but the frequency of social contact did not.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Research indicates that the relationship between psychological treatment and brain circuits is such that

Accepted Answer

A)   psychological treatment works regardless of the brain circuit activity.
B)   psychological treatment can alter brain circuits.
C)   brain circuit activity alone determines the response to psychological treatment.
D)   psychological treatment is not effective due to the changes in the brain caused by mental disorders.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Extremely low activity levels of serotonin are associated with ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aggression, suicide, and impulsive behavior
B)   schizophrenia
C)   anxiety disorders and general feelings of nervousness
D)   maniaE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Functions of the limbic system include control or regulation of

Accepted Answer

A)   basic body functions such as breathing.
B)   sleep cycles.
C)   emotional experiences, expressions, impulse control, and basic drives such as aggression, sex, hunger, and thirst.
D)   body posture, coordinated movement, and involuntary responses such as reflexes and other automatic processes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

When one examines the current state of knowledge regarding genetics and life experience effects on brain structure and function,the best overall conclusion is that most psychological disorders are

Accepted Answer

A)   the result of a complex interaction of genetics and faulty neurotransmitter circuits.
B)   the result of stressful early life experiences and the negative effects such experiences have on brain structure or function.
C)   the result of both biological and psychosocial factors.
D)   beyond our current ability to understand in any meaningful way.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last.This is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   consolidation
B)   confabulation
C)   top-down processing
D)   bottom-up processingE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

The ability to plan,think,reason,and create is located in the part of the brain called the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus
B)   midbrain
C)   cerebral cortex
D)   brain stemE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Rescorla (1988) demonstrated that simply pairing two events closely in time

Accepted Answer

A)   demonstrates the simplicity of classical conditioning.
B)   does not allow us to make predictions.
C)   becomes more meaningful as the pairings continue.
D)   is not what's important in this type of learning.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Recent evidence regarding the genetic influence on most psychological disorders has shown that

Accepted Answer

A)   single genes are usually responsible for psychological disorders.
B)   genes that influence psychopathology are usually recessive.
C)   there is no evidence that genes influence psychopathology.
D)   multiple genes interact, with each gene contributing a small effect.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which part of the brain gives humans the capacity to think,plan,and reason?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cerebellum
B)   Thalamus
C)   Limbic system
D)   Cerebral cortexE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   GABA
B)   norepinephrine
C)   dopamine
D)   serotoninE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The two neurotransmitters referred to as the "chemical brothers" are

Accepted Answer

A)   serotonin and dopamine.
B)   dopamine and GABA.
C)   glutamate and GABA.
D)   epinephrine and norepinephrine.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females.One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to use alcohol to deal with anxiety than to admit they are afraid.
B)   less likely to be fearful of becoming alcoholic.
C)   exposed to alcohol more often than women are.
D)   more likely to see alcohol as a good long-term solution to problems such as anxiety.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Recent research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental manipulations early in life may do much to override the genetically induced tendency to develop undesirable behavioral activities.
B)   environmental manipulations early in life may do much to override the genetically induced tendency to develop undesirable emotional activities.
C)   an interaction between genes and environment plays an important role in every psychological disorder.
D)   all of theseE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

Recent research suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent evidence regarding the genetic influence on most psychological disorders has shown that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study conducted by Haber and Barchas (1983) ,monkeys were injected with amphetamine,a central nervous system stimulant.Comparison of the drug's effects on the dominant versus submissive monkeys demonstrated that the effects of brain chemicals such as drugs are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When one examines the current state of knowledge regarding genetics and life experience effects on brain structure and function,the best overall conclusion is that most psychological disorders are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two neurotransmitters referred to as the "chemical brothers" are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability to plan,think,reason,and create is located in the part of the brain called the _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain and the spinal cord comprise the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extremely low activity levels of serotonin are associated with ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functions of the limbic system include control or regulation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The network of glands that release chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last.This is called _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends.Approximately ______ of Inga's enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research exposing subjects to the virus that causes the common cold (Cohen et al.,1997) demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that the relationship between psychological treatment and brain circuits is such that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of the brain gives humans the capacity to think,plan,and reason?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rescorla (1988) demonstrated that simply pairing two events closely in time

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females.One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One important contribution of the work of Albert Bandura regarding modeling or observational Learning is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While many fears are learned,some are more easily learned,or more prepared to be learned than others.The most likely fear-prepared stimulus below would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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