Question 1

The part of the nervous system that is activated in times of stress is the _______________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)   parasympathetic
B)   somatic
C)   sympathetic
D)   centralE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The fact that a disorder can be caused by a variety of factors illustrates the principle of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   equifinality
B)   isolation
C)   equilibrationD) None of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 3

Placing a rat in a cage where electrical shocks over which the rat has no control are occasionally
Administered through the floor is a way to create _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   social learning
B)   learned helplessness
C)   unconscious learning
D)   negative neurotransmitter pathways
E)   one angry ratF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Matilda was walking through the woods when she saw a speckled snake slither by.Immediately,her heart rate increased,her breathing quickened,and she started to perspire.These reactions are the result of the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   sympathetic nervous system
B)   parasympathetic nervous system
C)   endocrine system
D)   cortexE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Our understanding of psychology as an integrated process is in part a function of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   better measurement tools
B)   greater biological knowledge
C)   application of scientific study to psychological processes
D)   all of the aboveE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The major difference between the modern cognitive science idea of the unconscious and Freud's view of the unconscious is that Freud saw the unconscious as ______________,whereas modern cognitive science views it as __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the function of the id; the result of multiple neuronal pathways interacting with the stimuli presented to the individual
B)   a seething caldron of emotional conflicts; neuronal pathways interacting with the stimuli presented to the individual
C)   the function of the superego; the ability to process, store, and act upon information without awareness
D)   a seething caldron of emotional conflicts; the ability to process, store, and act upon information without awarenessE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Explain the principle of equifinality and its use in developmental psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

Equifinality indicates that a number of ...

Question 8

The part(s) of the brain most associated with memory,thought,and reasoning is(are) the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   occipital lobes
B)   brain stem
C)   left parietal lobe
D)   frontal lobesE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Inverse agonists have a(an) _____________ effect on neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A)   opposite
B)   decreasing
C)   increasing
D)   noE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   diathesis-stress model
B)   reciprocal gene-environment model
C)   genetic model
D)   psycho-social modelE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Studies regarding rat learning and brain structure by Greenough (1990) and Wallace et al.(1992) suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)   early experiences such as learning cause physical changes in the brain.
B)   psychopathology is the result of early learning experiences.
C)   while psychopathology is often a result of early life experiences, it is generally due to the physical changes in the brain that such experiences cause.
D)   genetically caused brain structure problems can be corrected by positive life experiences.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The fact that depression can be caused by mental illness or drug use is an example of how

Accepted Answer

A)   once a process has begun, it will always lead to a final outcome.
B)   many causes of psychopathology are equal in influence.
C)   a number of paths can lead to the same outcome.
D)   all forms of psychopathology have similar causes.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Accepted Answer

A)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal can control.
B)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal cannot control.
C)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal cannot control.
D)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal can control.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The basis of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that each dimension (psychological,biological,emotional,etc.)

Accepted Answer

A)   operates independently.
B)   is sufficient to cause pathology.
C)   builds on the dimension that precedes it.
D)   is influenced by the other dimensions.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Describe the diathesis-stress model.Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Accepted Answer

This model argues that a diathesis is a ...

Question 16

Extremely low levels of dopamine activity are associated with ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle rigidity, tremors, and impaired judgment
B)   schizophrenia
C)   pleasure seeking
D)   exploratory behaviorsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The major function of the peripheral nervous system is to

Accepted Answer

A)   carry messages to and from the central nervous system.
B)   process information received from the central nervous system.
C)   regulate arousal.
D)   control hormonal activity.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Recent research and increased understanding about the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology point out that

Accepted Answer

A)   each psychological disorder is caused by a deficit in a specific neurotransmitter.
B)   chemical imbalances of the brain are the cause of psychopathology.
C)   simple cause/effect conclusions stating that an individual neurotransmitter abnormality causes a disorder are incomplete.
D)   neurotransmitters have very little to do with psychopathology for most individuals but may be the single cause of disorders for others.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Neurotransmitters are important because they

Accepted Answer

A)   allow neurons to send signals to other neurons.
B)   maintain the oxygenation of the brain.
C)   prevent the development of psychopathology.
D)   allow the brain to maintain its structural integrity.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   If either a diathesis or a stress is present, a disorder will develop.
B)   If both a diathesis and stress are present, a disorder will develop.
C)   The smaller the diathesis, the greater the stress needs to be to produce a disorder.
D)   The larger the diathesis, the greater the stress needs to be to produce a disorder.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

Neurotransmitters are important because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Placing a rat in a cage where electrical shocks over which the rat has no control are occasionally Administered through the floor is a way to create _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that a disorder can be caused by a variety of factors illustrates the principle of _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research and increased understanding about the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology point out that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the principle of equifinality and its use in developmental psychopathology.

Correct AnswerverifiedEquifinality indicates that a number of ...View AnswerShow Answer

Inverse agonists have a(an) _____________ effect on neurotransmitters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part(s) of the brain most associated with memory,thought,and reasoning is(are) the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that depression can be caused by mental illness or drug use is an example of how

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basis of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that each dimension (psychological,biological,emotional,etc.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the diathesis-stress model.Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Correct AnswerverifiedThis model argues that a diathesis is a ...View AnswerShow Answer

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major function of the peripheral nervous system is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Matilda was walking through the woods when she saw a speckled snake slither by.Immediately,her heart rate increased,her breathing quickened,and she started to perspire.These reactions are the result of the _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major difference between the modern cognitive science idea of the unconscious and Freud's view of the unconscious is that Freud saw the unconscious as ______________,whereas modern cognitive science views it as __________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our understanding of psychology as an integrated process is in part a function of ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies regarding rat learning and brain structure by Greenough (1990) and Wallace et al.(1992) suggest that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the nervous system that is activated in times of stress is the _______________ nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extremely low levels of dopamine activity are associated with ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Equifinality indicates that a number of ...
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This model argues that a diathesis is a ...
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The major difference between the modern cognitive science idea of the unconscious and Freud's view of the unconscious is that Freud saw the unconscious as ,whereas modern cognitive science views it as ____.

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