Question 1

An important advantage of the multiple baseline design over the withdrawal design for evaluating treatments is that multiple baseline

Accepted Answer

A)   has greater internal validity.
B)   has greater external validity.
C)   does not require the removal of a potentially helpful treatment.
D)   does not require the artificial intervention of the researcher.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Randomization is used to assign research participants to groups in order to

Accepted Answer

A)   prevent assembling groups that differ in a way that may influence the research outcome.
B)   make sure that all participants in the study are the same with respect to the dependent variable when the study is concluded.
C)   make sure that all participants are the same with respect to the independent variable before the study begins.
D)   prevent any differences in the way the independent variable is manipulated for all research subjects.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

The most influential and successful research generally utilizes

Accepted Answer

A)   multiple well-controlled, double-blind experiments.
B)   a combination of well-controlled correlational studies and cross-sectional research.
C)   a program of multiple research designs over a period of time.
D)   multiple cross-sectional and longitudinal designs over a period of time.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

A researcher studying a family with a history of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) records data for each person in the family with OCD and for those who have been diagnosed with OCD in the past.The researcher is particularly interested in determining if family members who now have OCD or who were previously diagnosed share any other inherited characteristics.The researcher is conducting a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   association study
B)   chromosome analysis
C)   genetic linkage analysis
D)   family DNA analysisE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 5

If a study of a medication is conducted using only 25-year-old white males,the results would be limited in their ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   generalizabiity
B)   internal validity
C)   concurrent reliability
D)   usefulnessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

External validity refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   degree that the dependent variable was changed in the study.
B)   power of the independent variable to cause a change in the dependent variable.
C)   extent to which findings apply to individuals or situations other than those studied.
D)   overall quality of the study.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

A researcher is studying how depression tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70 years old.The research design being used is called ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cross-sectional
B)   longitudinal
C)   experimental
D)   case-studyE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

One important difference between a typical case study and the single-case experiment is that the single-case experiment attempts to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the number of confounding variables.
B)   improve external validity.
C)   improve internal validity.
D)   utilize a single strategy to reduce confounds.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Institutional review boards are typically made up of

Accepted Answer

A)   animal rights group members and lawyers.
B)   research participants and their families.
C)   faculty and community members.
D)   administrators and students.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

In an experimental study,

Accepted Answer

A)   the independent variable is manipulated.
B)   the dependent variable is manipulated.
C)   both the independent variable and the dependent variable are manipulated.
D)   the environment is manipulated.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

As a child's age increases,so does her height.This is an example of a(n) _______ correlation.

Accepted Answer

A)   negative
B)   zero
C)   causal
D)   positiveE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

One way to describe the case study method is

Accepted Answer

A)   by interviewing a cooperative subject.
B)   by noting what it is not.
C)   by manipulating the independent variable.
D)   by using the scientific method.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

The case study method involves

Accepted Answer

A)   generalizing the characteristics of a disorder, as evident in many similar cases.
B)   manipulation and measurement of variables.
C)   hypnosis and application of psychoanalytic theory.
D)   extensive study of one or more individuals who exhibit a particular disorder.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

One reason that cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies is the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)   cross-sectional studies involve large numbers of subjects.
B)   longitudinal studies involve very sophisticated statistical procedures.
C)   cross-sectional studies take many years to complete.
D)   longitudinal studies take many years to complete.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The type of study that generally does not follow the scientific method and typically contains many confounds is the

Accepted Answer

A)   case study.
B)   correlation model.
C)   true experiment.
D)   longitudinal study.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

One of the major problems with the case study method is that it is too easy to make false conclusions based on

Accepted Answer

A)   statistical significance.
B)   unreliable measures.
C)   poorly defined dependent variables.
D)   coincidence.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Analog research models

Accepted Answer

A)   are conducted outside of the laboratory.
B)   generally utilize case studies to maximize similarity to the phenomenon under study.
C)   are correlational.
D)   create laboratory conditions that are comparable to the phenomenon under study.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Accepted Answer

A)   internal validity.
B)   study confounds.
C)   external validity.
D)   the original research hypothesis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a component of withdrawal designs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Establishing a baseline
B)   Manipulating the independent variable
C)   Withdrawing the dependent variable
D)   Returning to baselineE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

A researcher is studying how anxiety tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70.The individuals in each age group represent a _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   treatment group
B)   control group
C)   longitudinal group
D)   cohortE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Research Methods

If a study of a medication is conducted using only 25-year-old white males,the results would be limited in their ______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Institutional review boards are typically made up of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In an experimental study,

Correct Answer
verified

An important advantage of the multiple baseline design over the withdrawal design for evaluating treatments is that multiple baseline

Correct Answer
verified

The most influential and successful research generally utilizes

Correct Answer
verified

Analog research models

Correct Answer
verified

External validity refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Correct Answer
verified

Randomization is used to assign research participants to groups in order to

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher is studying how depression tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70 years old.The research design being used is called ______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a component of withdrawal designs?

Correct Answer
verified

One important difference between a typical case study and the single-case experiment is that the single-case experiment attempts to

Correct Answer
verified

As a child's age increases,so does her height.This is an example of a(n) _______ correlation.

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher is studying how anxiety tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70.The individuals in each age group represent a _____________.

Correct Answer
verified

The type of study that generally does not follow the scientific method and typically contains many confounds is the

Correct Answer
verified

One way to describe the case study method is

Correct Answer
verified

One reason that cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies is the fact that

Correct Answer
verified

One of the major problems with the case study method is that it is too easy to make false conclusions based on

Correct Answer
verified

The case study method involves

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Research Methods

If a study of a medication is conducted using only 25-year-old white males,the results would be limited in their ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Institutional review boards are typically made up of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experimental study,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important advantage of the multiple baseline design over the withdrawal design for evaluating treatments is that multiple baseline

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most influential and successful research generally utilizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Analog research models

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

External validity refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Randomization is used to assign research participants to groups in order to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher is studying how depression tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70 years old.The research design being used is called ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a component of withdrawal designs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One important difference between a typical case study and the single-case experiment is that the single-case experiment attempts to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a child's age increases,so does her height.This is an example of a(n) _______ correlation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher is studying how anxiety tends to be experienced by people of different ages.The researcher interviews depressed adolescents,young adults,individuals in their 30s and 50s,and those over 70.The individuals in each age group represent a _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of study that generally does not follow the scientific method and typically contains many confounds is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way to describe the case study method is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason that cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies is the fact that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the major problems with the case study method is that it is too easy to make false conclusions based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The case study method involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified