A) If their maturities and other characteristics were the same, a 5% coupon bond would have more interest rate price risk than a 10% coupon bond.
B) A 10-year coupon bond would have more reinvestment rate risk than a 5-year coupon bond, but all 10-year coupon bonds have the same amount of reinvestment rate risk.
C) A 10-year coupon bond would have more interest rate price risk than a 5-year coupon bond, but all 10-year coupon bonds have the same amount of interest rate price risk.
D) If their maturities and other characteristics were the same, a 5% coupon bond would have less interest rate price risk than a 10% coupon bond.
E) A zero coupon bond of any maturity will have more interest rate price risk than any coupon bond, even a perpetuity.
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Multiple Choice
A) Adding a call provision.
B) The rating agencies change the bond's rating from Baa to Aaa.
C) Making the bond a first mortgage bond rather than a debenture.
D) Adding a sinking fund.
E) Adding additional restrictive covenants that limit management's actions.
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) A 1-year bond with a 15% coupon.
B) A 3-year bond with a 10% coupon.
C) A 10-year zero coupon bond.
D) A 10-year bond with a 10% coupon.
E) An 8-year bond with a 9% coupon.
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Multiple Choice
A) Other things held constant, a callable bond should have a lower yield to maturity than a noncallable bond.
B) Once a firm declares bankruptcy, it must then be liquidated by the trustee, who uses the proceeds to pay bondholders, unpaid wages, taxes, and lawyer fees.
C) Income bonds must pay interest only if the company earns the interest. Thus, these securities cannot bankrupt a company prior to their maturity, and this makes them safer to the issuing corporation than "regular" bonds.
D) A firm with a sinking fund that gave it the choice of calling the required bonds at par or buying the bonds in the open market would generally choose the open market purchase if the coupon rate exceeded the going interest rate.
E) One disadvantage of zero coupon bonds is that the issuing firm cannot realize any tax savings from the debt until the bonds mature.
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Multiple Choice
A) The bond's yield to maturity is 9%.
B) The bond's current yield is 9%.
C) If the bond's yield to maturity remains constant, the bond will continue to sell at par.
D) The bond's current yield exceeds its capital gains yield.
E) The bond's expected capital gains yield is positive.
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Multiple Choice
A) All else equal, bonds with longer maturities have more interest rate (price) risk than bonds with shorter maturities.
B) If a bond is selling at its par value, its current yield equals its yield to maturity.
C) If a bond is selling at a premium, its current yield will be greater than its yield to maturity.
D) All else equal, bonds with larger coupons have greater interest rate (price) risk than bonds with smaller coupons.
E) If a bond is selling at a discount to par, its current yield will be less than its yield to maturity.
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Multiple Choice
A) 1.90%
B) 2.09%
C) 2.30%
D) 2.53%
E) 2.78%
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) If interest rates decline, the prices of both bonds will increase, but the 10-year bond would have a larger percentage increase in price.
B) The 10-year bond would sell at a discount, while the 15-year bond would sell at a premium.
C) The 10-year bond would sell at a premium, while the 15-year bond would sell at par.
D) If the yield to maturity on both bonds remains at 10% over the next year, the price of the 10-year bond would increase, but the price of the 15-year bond would fall.
E) If interest rates decline, the prices of both bonds will increase, but the 15-year bond would have a larger percentage increase in price.
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Multiple Choice
A) An indenture is a bond that is less risky than a mortgage bond.
B) The expected return on a corporate bond will generally exceed the bond's yield to maturity.
C) If a bond's coupon rate exceeds its yield to maturity, then its expected return to investors exceeds the yield to maturity.
D) Under our bankruptcy laws, any firm that is in financial distress will be forced to declare bankruptcy and then be liquidated.
E) All else equal, senior debt generally has a lower yield to maturity than subordinated debt.
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Multiple Choice
A) The market value of a bond will always approach its par value as its maturity date approaches. This holds true even if the firm has filed for bankruptcy.
B) Rising inflation makes the actual yield to maturity on a bond greater than a quoted yield to maturity that is based on market prices.
C) The yield to maturity on a coupon bond that sells at its par value consists entirely of a current interest yield; it has a zero expected capital gains yield.
D) On an expected yield basis, the expected capital gains yield will always be positive because an investor would not purchase a bond with an expected capital loss.
E) The yield to maturity for a coupon bond that sells at a premium consists entirely of a positive capital gains yield; it has a zero current interest yield.
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Multiple Choice
A) Liquidity premiums are generally higher on Treasury than corporate bonds.
B) The maturity premiums embedded in the interest rates on U.S. Treasury securities are due primarily to the fact that the probability of default is higher on long-term bonds than on short-term bonds.
C) Default risk premiums are generally lower on corporate than on Treasury bonds.
D) Reinvestment rate risk is lower, other things held constant, on long-term than on short-term bonds.
E) If the maturity risk premium were zero and interest rates were expected to decrease in the future, then the yield curve for U.S. Treasury securities would, other things held constant, have an upward slope.
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Multiple Choice
A) 1, 4, 6
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
C) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
D) 1, 3, 4, 5, 6
E) 1, 3, 4, 6
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Multiple Choice
A) Most sinking funds require the issuer to provide funds to a trustee, who saves the money so that it will be available to pay off bondholders when the bonds mature.
B) A sinking fund provision makes a bond more risky to investors at the time of issuance.
C) Sinking fund provisions never require companies to retire their debt; they only establish "targets" for the company to reduce its debt over time.
D) If interest rates have increased since a company issued bonds with a sinking fund, the company is less likely to retire the bonds by buying them back in the open market, as opposed to calling them in at the sinking fund call price.
E) Sinking fund provisions sometimes turn out to adversely affect bondholders, and this is most likely to occur if interest rates decline after the bond has been issued.
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Multiple Choice
A) 4,228
B) 4,337
C) 4,448
D) 4,562
E) 4,676
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Multiple Choice
A) Since the bonds have the same YTM, they should all have the same price, and since interest rates are not expected to change, their prices should all remain at their current levels until maturity.
B) Bond C sells at a premium (its price is greater than par) , and its price is expected to increase over the next year.
C) Bond A sells at a discount (its price is less than par) , and its price is expected to increase over the next year.
D) Over the next year, Bond A's price is expected to decrease, Bond B's price is expected to stay the same, and Bond C's price is expected to increase.
E) Bond A's current yield will increase each year.
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Multiple Choice
A) There is no reason to expect a change in the required rate of return.
B) The required rate of return would decline because the bond would then be less risky to a bondholder.
C) The required rate of return would increase because the bond would then be more risky to a bondholder.
D) It is impossible to say without more information.
E) Because of the call premium, the required rate of return would decline.
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Multiple Choice
A) The expected return on a corporate bond must be less than its promised return if the probability of default is greater than zero.
B) All else equal, senior debt has less default risk than subordinated debt.
C) A company's bond rating is affected by its financial ratios and provisions in its indenture.
D) Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Act, the assets of a firm that declares bankruptcy must be liquidated, and the sale proceeds must be used to pay off its debt according to the seniority of the debt as spelled out in the Act.
E) All else equal, secured debt is less risky than unsecured debt.
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Multiple Choice
A) If the yield to maturity remains at 8%, then the bond's price will decline over the next year.
B) The bond's coupon rate is less than 8%.
C) If the yield to maturity increases, then the bond's price will increase.
D) If the yield to maturity remains at 8%, then the bond's price will remain constant over the next year.
E) The bond's current yield is less than 8%.
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