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Paper,pencils,oils,and ____ are examples of supplies.


A) stamping machines
B) cleaning agents
C) cranes
D) calculators
E) lathes

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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During which phase of the product development process can marketers experiment with advertising,pricing,and packaging in different geographic areas?


A) Screening
B) Test marketing
C) Idea generation
D) Commercialization
E) Product development

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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All of the following are characteristics of the maturity stage of the product life-cycle except


A) a peak in the sales curve.
B) a decline in the sales curve.
C) simplification of product lines.
D) increased distribution.
E) increased price competition.

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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Sales of ABC Corporation's digital video cameras are rising rapidly,profits are peaking,and competitors are entering the market.ABC is able to maintain its market lead.Judging from this example,the digital video camera is in which stage of the product life-cycle?


A) Introduction
B) Decline
C) Maturity
D) Growth
E) Evaluation

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Identify and discuss three types of pricing associated with business products.

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Geographic pricing strategies deal with ...

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Odd-number pricing is limited to low-priced items.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following best describes a typical scenario companies use in the commercialization phase?


A) The product is first introduced in selected geographical areas and then expanded in phases.
B) The product generally becomes available at all intended locations simultaneously throughout the United States.
C) Companies implement their initial plan and very infrequently make any adjustments to this plan.
D) Companies prepare the budget for commercialization after the product has been fully introduced.
E) The product is very slowly introduced across the nation throughout a time frame spanning approximately five years.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The sum of the fixed costs and the variable costs of producing a certain number of units is called the


A) cost of goods sold.
B) equilibrium cost.
C) total cost.
D) breakeven cost.
E) total operating expense.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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A product may be a good or a service but not an idea.

A) True
B) False

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A branding strategy in which a firm uses the same brand for all or most of its products is called ____ branding.


A) producer
B) individual
C) unity
D) family
E) promotion

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The part of a brand that can be spoken⎯letters,words,numbers,and/or pronounceable symbols⎯is called a


A) trademark.
B) brand mark.
C) brand name.
D) brand.
E) generic mark.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Raw materials are an example of a firm's ____ costs.


A) selling
B) operating
C) fixed
D) overhead
E) variable

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Is McDonald's "golden arches" symbol a brand name or a brand mark? Define each term,and state how they differ.

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McDonald's golden arches are a brand mar...

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Are a product mix and a product line the same thing? Why or why not?

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No,a product line is a group of similar ...

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A pricing strategy in which a manufacturer pays for the shipping cost of its merchandise to the wholesaler is called ____ pricing.


A) geographic
B) FOB origin
C) trade discount
D) FOB destination
E) postage-stamp

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A consumer product for which buyers will not accept a substitute,for which purchasers do not compare alternatives,and that is purchased infrequently and with extra effort on the buyer's part is a ____ product.


A) luxury
B) business
C) specialty
D) shopping
E) convenience

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In which order do the stages of the product life-cycle occur?


A) Growth,introduction,maturity,decline
B) Introduction,maturity,slowdown,decline
C) Innovation,distribution,maturity,decline
D) Introduction,growth,maturity,decline
E) Introduction,growth,slowdown,decline

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Competition-based pricing is


A) used when costs and revenues are considered secondary to competitors' prices.
B) not useful as a method of increasing or maintaining market share.
C) of little use if the competing products are homogeneous.
D) not able to increase sales.
E) most often used when competing products are homogeneous.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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When Duracell came out with a new battery that significantly outlasted the company's earlier product,the battery had undergone a(n) ____ modification.


A) functional
B) feature
C) quality
D) aesthetic
E) market

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Melany is starting to notice some wrinkles around her eyes and mouth.She has decided to purchase some age-defying wrinkle cream but is unfamiliar with available brands.At the store,she picks out a brand because she remembers a clever advertisement about it on television.What level of brand loyalty does this describe?


A) Preference
B) Ignorance
C) Insistence
D) Acceptance
E) Recognition

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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