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All of the following words are used to describe the manic mood state EXCEPT


A) elated.
B) expansive.
C) energetic.
D) exhausted.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Debbie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder, recurrent. She wants to know what to expect in the future regarding her condition. You tell her that according to recent research, the median lifetime number of major depressive episodes is


A) 4-7.
B) 8-10.
C) 12-15.
D) 16-18.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Recent research suggests that


A) the suppression of neurogenesis in the hippocampus is due to the connection between high stress hormones and depression.
B) low hippocampal volume may precede and contribute to the onset of depression.
C) electroconvulsive therapy seems to produce neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
D) all of these are correct

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) helps depressed patients resolve relationship problems. All of the following issues are a possible focus of IPT EXCEPT


A) marital conflict.
B) death of a loved one.
C) deficits in social skills.
D) negative thinking.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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All of the following are risk factors for suicide EXCEPT


A) a sense of hopelessness.
B) a shameful or humiliating experience.
C) previous suicide attempt(s) .
D) a vague suicidal fantasy without detailed plans.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Explain the neurological basis of depression. Describe the role of specific neurotransmitters implicated in mood disorders.

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Depression is a complex mental health di...

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Compare and contrast the symptoms and timelines of major depressive episode and persistent depressive disorder.

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Major depressive episode and persistent ...

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A 55-year-old Californian named Annie recently formulated an ambitious plan to start a Broadway career. She withdrew all the money from her bank account, purchased a brand new vehicle on a 0% down contract, drove 38 hours nonstop to New York City, and interrupted a musical rehearsal by demanding an audition with the casting director. Which of the following is Annie likely experiencing?


A) Major depressive episode
B) Hypomanic episode
C) Manic episode
D) Postpartum psychosis

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Symptoms of severe depression are generally NOT considered a psychological disorder when they are associated with


A) a grief reaction.
B) a manic episode.
C) anxiety.
D) thoughts of suicide.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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All of the following statements are accurate about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) EXCEPT


A) long-term memory problems are associated with ECT.
B) ECT treatment should be followed up with medication or psychotherapy.
C) short-term memory loss is a side effect of treatment with medication.
D) depressed patients with psychotic symptoms should be treated with medication, not ECT.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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With regard to the prevalence of mood disorders, it has been consistently found that


A) females experience major depressive disorders less frequently than males.
B) men have twice as many mood disorders as women.
C) bipolar disorder rarely has an onset age greater than 40.
D) dysthymia occurs equally across gender.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Persistent depressive disorder (PPD) , formerly known as dysthymia, differs from major depressive disorder (MDD) because people diagnosed with PDD have symptoms of depression that are


A) more severe.
B) longer-lasting.
C) episodic.
D) temporary.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Although the glorification and romanticizing of suicide in the media contributes to the incidence of copycats, it is more likely that the person copying the suicide is


A) just doing it for attention.
B) vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder.
C) not really serious about the suicide attempt.
D) feeling validated about an already planned suicide.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Statistics on suicide indicate that approximately one-quarter to one-half of all suicides are associated with


A) alcohol use.
B) guns.
C) aggression.
D) work stress.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The idea that individuals who are biologically vulnerable to depression place themselves in high-risk, stressful environments reflects the


A) self-fulfilling prophecy theory.
B) cognitive-behavioral model.
C) reciprocal gene-environment model.
D) stress-depression linkage effect.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Jack has experienced recurrent episodes of major depressive episodes. In the intervals between the episodes, he does not seem to return to "normal." In fact, during those periods, he has been diagnosed as having low-grade depression. Jack's condition is referred to as


A) double depression.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) atypical depression.
D) dysfunctional dysthymia.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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All of the following are accurate statements about the prevalence of mood disorders in children and adolescents EXCEPT that


A) bipolar disorder is often misdiagnosed in children.
B) major depressive disorder in adolescents is primarily a female disorder.
C) rates of attempted suicide decrease during adolescence.
D) adolescents with cyclothymic disorder must display the symptoms one year before a diagnosis can be made.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Milton has been mildly depressed for many years. Just recently, however, his depression deepened, and he was severely depressed for about three months. His deep depression then lifted and he was once again mildly depressed. Milton


A) will be easier to treat now that the severe depression is resolved.
B) will quickly respond to treatment and will recover completely from his depression.
C) will likely be associated with more severe psychopathology and a problematic future course.
D) will require treatment for the rest of his life.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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All of the following statements about lithium therapy are true EXCEPT


A) for those patients who respond to lithium, approximately 70% will relapse.
B) for anyone with recurrent manic episodes, maintenance on lithium is recommended to prevent relapse.
C) once a person is symptom-free for six months, he or she may stop taking lithium.
D) people stop taking lithium to regain the euphoric feeling that mania produces.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding mood disorders?


A) An individual experiencing manic symptoms can also be depressed or anxious.
B) Unipolar mania is more common than unipolar depression.
C) An individual who has experienced only manic episodes in the past is unlikely to never become depressed.
D) Neither manic nor depressive symptoms remit on their own without treatment.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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