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CVAs are more commonly known as


A) heart attacks.
B) coronaries.
C) strokes.
D) blood clots.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Explore the relationship between stress and the immune system. What is the HPA axis? What are stress hormones? Is there a "lab" test to measure stress levels in human beings?

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Explain how denial can be a hindrance and a help as a means of coping.

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All of the following are part of the HPA axis EXCEPT


A) hypothalamus.
B) pituitary gland.
C) hippocampus.
D) adrenal gland.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements about AIDS is true?


A) An infected person immediately develops AIDS-related complex (ARC) .
B) The median time for the development of full-blown AIDS is around three to five years.
C) The death rate from AIDS declined 50% from 2002 to 2010.
D) The current successful cure for AIDS is highly active antiviral therapy (HAART) , which eliminates the virus.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Several studies have found that biofeedback techniques can reduce headache in up to ____% of the patients undergoing this therapy.


A) 25
B) 36
C) 63
D) 92

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Health psychology, a subfield of behavioral medicine, focuses on all of the following EXCEPT


A) psychological factors affecting health.
B) health policy.
C) healthcare systems.
D) interdisciplinary study of psychology and health.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to the text, injury prevention programs have proven effective in teaching children about all of the following EXCEPT


A) escaping fires.
B) preventing burns.
C) prevent other serious injuries.
D) avoiding strangers.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In the 1970s, Herbert Benson developed a brief relaxation procedure that involved focusing on a


A) repeated syllable.
B) photo.
C) person.
D) musical note.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Regarding gender differences in the experience of pain, women suffer more frequently than men from all of the following EXCEPT


A) migraine headaches.
B) arthritis.
C) carpal tunnel syndrome.
D) backache.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In biofeedback procedures, clinicians use physiological monitoring equipment to make the responses ________ to the patient.


A) visible
B) audible
C) visible and/or audible
D) tactile

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Jon has just been diagnosed with cancer. His initial response is to deny the seriousness of his condition. This type of coping mechanism


A) will enable him to develop better coping mechanisms later.
B) is never psychologically helpful.
C) doesn't really help him endure the initial shock any more easily.
D) results in higher levels of corticosteroids (stress hormones) .

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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All of the following are examples of "pain behaviors" EXCEPT


A) complaining about pain to others.
B) grimacing.
C) positional changes (while sitting or walking) .
D) suffering in silence.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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According to consensus research, in which direction do pain signals travel to contribute to the experience of pain?


A) "Up," from tissue, to spinal cord, to brain
B) "Down," from brain, to spinal cord
C) Both up and down.
D) Neither up nor down; pain is an almost exclusively psychological phenomenon

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is a correct match of medical condition and definition?


A) Angina-obstruction caused by buildup of plaque in the arteries
B) Atherosclerosis-deficiency of blood to a body part caused by narrowing of the arteries
C) Myocardial infarction-death of heart tissue due to a completely clogged artery
D) Ischemia-chest pain caused by partial obstruction of the arteries

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The main function of neurohormones is to


A) lower stress.
B) carry the brain's signals to the rest of the body.
C) modulate mood.
D) all of these are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Females may have an "extra" pain-regulating pathway focused on relieving pain associated with the reproductive system. One implication of this biological gender difference is that


A) men need more pain relief than women following most surgical procedures.
B) women need more pain relief than men following most surgical procedures.
C) treatment of pain in men and women is still the same, because the psychological experience of pain is the same for men and women.
D) males and females may benefit from different kinds of medications and different kinds of pain management.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Endogenous opioids have been implicated in a variety of psychopathological conditions, including


A) eating disorders.
B) phobias.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) personality disorders.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is NOT one of the three most common behaviors that put us at risk for physical disorders?


A) Unhealthy eating habits
B) Lack of exercise
C) Smoking
D) Not having an active sex life

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Discuss the relationship between psychoncology and the progression of cancer.

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