Question 1

If there are 10,000 calories of net primary productivity in an ecosystem,how much energy will be generally available to a secondary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000 calories
B)  100 calories
C)  10,000 calories
D)  10 calories
E)  1 calorieF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 2

An organism's ______ is its position in the food chain relative to the ecosystem's energy source.

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat
B)  niche
C)  climax level
D)  trophic level
E)  keystone levelF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which neither member of the relationship benefits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A coral reef is a complex ______ of calcium carbonate shells that are home to microbes,algae,invertebrates,and fishes,and its high productivity helps provide great species richness.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystem
B)  community
C)  biome
D)  population
E)  nicheF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

The type of succession that occurs in an area where no community previously existed is ______ succession.

Accepted Answer

A)  keystone
B)  tertiary
C)  secondary
D)  climax
E)  primaryF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

A genetic change in one species that selects for a subsequent change in a different species is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  coevolution.
B)  genetic dispersion.
C)  gene dynamics.
D)  competitive exclusion.
E)  evolutionary dynamics.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Competitive exclusion says that two species trying to occupy the same niche in the same ecosystem will not be able to do so indefinitely,one species ultimately outcompeting the other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Decomposers

Accepted Answer

A)  obtain nutrients from detritus.
B)  return organic molecules to their inorganic form.
C)  include bacteria.
D)  include fungi.
E)  All answers are correct.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

If you were to shine a lightbulb on a puddle,and the water in the puddle disappeared,you would say that you had added energy to the puddle and had seen

Accepted Answer

A)  sublimation.
B)  condensation.
C)  convection.
D)  evaporation.
E)  All answers are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 10

______ bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates to N2.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen-fixing
B)  In nitrification,
C)  In denitrification,
D)  In transpiration,
E)  In respiration,F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 11

On Earth,solar energy is most intense at

Accepted Answer

A)  the South Pole.
B)  the North Pole.
C)  60 ∘\circ∘ N latitude.
D)  the equator.
E)  60 ∘\circ∘ S latitudE. F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

The species that appear in a climax community usually are short-lived,early-maturing,r-selected species that are strong competitors in a stable environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what was the purpose of repeatedly drying,freezing,and thawing some of the fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  to kill the fungi
B)  to prepare the fungi for growth at 65 ∘\circ∘ C
C)  to remove the virus
D)  to prepare the fungi to infect the panic grass
E)  to make the fungus more susceptible to the virus F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The concentration of the pesticide DDT is likely lowest in which organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  a seagull
B)  a minnow
C)  a mosquito larvae
D)  algae
E)  planktonF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what did the scientists conclude from the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adding the virus back to virus-free fungi decreased plant survival.
B)  Infecting plants with the virus increased their survival.
C)  Infecting plants with the virus decreased their survival.
D)  Infecting the fungus with the virus allowed them to grow in the heat.
E)  Adding the virus back to virus-free fungi increased plant survival.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

The Earth has a constant tilt of ______ on its axis from its plane of orbit.

Accepted Answer

A)  12.5 degrees
B)  23.5 degrees
C)  30 degrees
D)  9 degrees
E)  5.5 degreesF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 17

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the virus

Accepted Answer

A)  infected the plant.
B)  infected both the plant and fungus.
C)  infected the fungus.
D)  did not infect either the plant or fungus.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Coral obtains energy

Accepted Answer

A)  by capturing and digesting small animals and through symbiosis with photosynthetic algae.
B)  by capturing and digesting small animals.
C)  through symbiosis with photosynthetic algae.
D)  by performing photosynthesis.
E)  by performing photosynthesis and capturing and digesting small animals.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

You observe a situation in which a worm and a species of mustard grow better when both are present in an ecosystem,helping one another exploit resources.you would term this

Accepted Answer

A)  predation.
B)  parasitism.
C)  mutualism.
D)  commensalism.
E)  intraspecific competition.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

When two or more species vie for the same limited resource,______ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  succession
B)  symbiosis
C)  coevolution
D)  stotting
E)  competitionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 19: Communities and Ecosystems

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what did the scientists conclude from the figure?

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When two or more species vie for the same limited resource,______ occurs.

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The concentration of the pesticide DDT is likely lowest in which organism?

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If there are 10,000 calories of net primary productivity in an ecosystem,how much energy will be generally available to a secondary consumer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were to shine a lightbulb on a puddle,and the water in the puddle disappeared,you would say that you had added energy to the puddle and had seen

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coral obtains energy

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A genetic change in one species that selects for a subsequent change in a different species is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the virus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decomposers

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The type of succession that occurs in an area where no community previously existed is ______ succession.

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On Earth,solar energy is most intense at

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You observe a situation in which a worm and a species of mustard grow better when both are present in an ecosystem,helping one another exploit resources.you would term this

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what was the purpose of repeatedly drying,freezing,and thawing some of the fungi?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Competitive exclusion says that two species trying to occupy the same niche in the same ecosystem will not be able to do so indefinitely,one species ultimately outcompeting the other.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A coral reef is a complex ______ of calcium carbonate shells that are home to microbes,algae,invertebrates,and fishes,and its high productivity helps provide great species richness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Earth has a constant tilt of ______ on its axis from its plane of orbit.

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______ bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates to N2.

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Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which neither member of the relationship benefits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The species that appear in a climax community usually are short-lived,early-maturing,r-selected species that are strong competitors in a stable environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism's ______ is its position in the food chain relative to the ecosystem's energy source.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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______ bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates to N₂.

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