Question 1

The anatomical arrangement in which two adjacent currents flow in opposite directions and exchange materials with each other is called countercurrent exchange.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In the pulmonary circulation,___________________ is expelled from the blood and _________________ is picked up.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen, oxygen
B)  Oxygen, carbon dioxide
C)  Oxygen, nitrogen
D)  Carbon dioxide, nitrogen
E)  Carbon dioxide, oxygenF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

A frog can absorb oxygen through its skin and lungs.Which of the following is an advantage of absorbing oxygen through the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart pumps oxygen from the lungs into the bloodstream
B)  Oxygen absorbed in the lungs enters the blood stream
C)  Air in the lungs has a higher concentration of oxygen than air in the atmosphere
D)  Oxygen diffuses across cells more slowly than across the lining of the lungs
E)  Lungs have more surface area than the skinF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

The smooth muscle of the diaphragm expands the lungs and the skeletal muscle of the lungs regulates airflow to the alveoli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The total surface area of the alveoli in one set of human lungs is about 50 times the surface area of the skin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The upper respiratory tract is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  The nose, pharynx, and trachea
B)  The nose, larynx, and trachea
C)  The nose, trachea, and lungs
D)  The nose, pharynx, and larynx
E)  The nose and pharynxF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

How does an insect "hold its breath"?

Accepted Answer

A)  By closing its tracheae
B)  By closing its mouth
C)  By closing its spiracles
D)  By closing its gills
E)  By closing its nostrilsF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Which main tissue type of the circulatory system regulates airflow to alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Connective
B)  Epithelial
C)  Muscle
D)  Nervous
E)  VascularF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Aerobic respiration consumes ____________ gas and generates ___________________ gas as a waste product.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen, carbon dioxide
B)  Nitrogen, carbon dioxide
C)  Carbon dioxide, nitrogen
D)  Oxygen, nitrogen
E)  Carbon dioxide, oxygenF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

The scientific name of the "windpipe" is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Larynx
B)  Pharynx
C)  Vocal cords
D)  Esophagus
E)  TracheaF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Emphysema is caused by destruction of the walls between alveoli,leading to hyperinflation of the lungs.Which of the following would occur in the lungs of someone with emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased uptake of carbon dioxide
B)  Decreased uptake of glucose
C)  Decreased uptake of oxygen
D)  Decreased rate of respiration
E)  Decreased heart rateF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Carbon dioxide sensors are found in:

Accepted Answer

A)  The carotid body and aorta
B)  The medulla
C)  The carotid body
D)  The aorta
E)  The medulla and carotid bodyF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

The most important signal that the brain uses to set the breathing rate is the level of blood:

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen
B)  Oxygen
C)  Carbon dioxide
D)  Sulfur
E)  HemoglobinF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Why would exothermic organisms need more efficient respiratory systems than endothermic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  They need to perform more anaerobic respiration
B)  They need to move more quickly
C)  Their metabolic reactions are less efficient and require more oxygen
D)  They need to perform more aerobic respiration
E)  They do not live in water and must pull oxygen out of air insteadF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

In mammals,a muscular _______________ expands the chest,pulling air into the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chest cavity
B)  Rib cage
C)  Trachea
D)  Diaphragm
E)  SternumF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Oxygen can be toxic to cells by producing free radicals.These free radicals then attack phospholipids,attaching hydroxyl (-OH) groups onto their fatty tails.What effect would this have on the phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would become more reduced
B)  It would form covalent bonds with other phospholipids
C)  It would move into the cytoplasm
D)  It would become more polar
E)  It would contain more energyF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The _________________ nervous system controls the contraction of __________________ in the wall of the bronchioles,thereby adjusting airflow in response to metabolic demands.

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic, smooth muscle
B)  Autonomic, skeletal muscle
C)  Somatic, skeletal
D)  Autonomic, smooth muscle
E)  Autonomic, cartilageF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

In the systemic circulation,____________________ is expelled from the blood and __________________ is picked up.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen, nitrogen
B)  Carbon dioxide, nitrogen
C)  Carbon dioxide, oxygen
D)  Oxygen, carbon dioxide
E)  Nitrogen, oxygenF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following would an insect's circulatory system transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nutrients, wastes, and oxygen
B)  Nutrients and wastes
C)  Nutrients and oxygen
D)  Wastes and oxygen
E)  OxygenF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

In aquatic organisms,highly folded structures that exchange gases directly with water are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Spicules
B)  Alveoli
C)  Tracheae
D)  Gills
E)  SpiraclesF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 30: The Respiratory System

In the pulmonary circulation,___________________ is expelled from the blood and _________________ is picked up.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In aquatic organisms,highly folded structures that exchange gases directly with water are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emphysema is caused by destruction of the walls between alveoli,leading to hyperinflation of the lungs.Which of the following would occur in the lungs of someone with emphysema?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which main tissue type of the circulatory system regulates airflow to alveoli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would exothermic organisms need more efficient respiratory systems than endothermic organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientific name of the "windpipe" is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important signal that the brain uses to set the breathing rate is the level of blood:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon dioxide sensors are found in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the systemic circulation,____________________ is expelled from the blood and __________________ is picked up.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would an insect's circulatory system transport?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total surface area of the alveoli in one set of human lungs is about 50 times the surface area of the skin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anatomical arrangement in which two adjacent currents flow in opposite directions and exchange materials with each other is called countercurrent exchange.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smooth muscle of the diaphragm expands the lungs and the skeletal muscle of the lungs regulates airflow to the alveoli.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In mammals,a muscular _______________ expands the chest,pulling air into the lungs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A frog can absorb oxygen through its skin and lungs.Which of the following is an advantage of absorbing oxygen through the lungs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The upper respiratory tract is composed of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aerobic respiration consumes ____________ gas and generates ___________________ gas as a waste product.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen can be toxic to cells by producing free radicals.These free radicals then attack phospholipids,attaching hydroxyl (-OH) groups onto their fatty tails.What effect would this have on the phospholipid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does an insect "hold its breath"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _________________ nervous system controls the contraction of __________________ in the wall of the bronchioles,thereby adjusting airflow in response to metabolic demands.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the pulmonary circulation,___ is expelled from the blood and _ is picked up.

Correct Answer
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In the systemic circulation,__ is expelled from the blood and is picked up.

Correct Answer
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Aerobic respiration consumes gas and generates _______ gas as a waste product.

Correct Answer
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The _ nervous system controls the contraction of __ in the wall of the bronchioles,thereby adjusting airflow in response to metabolic demands.

Correct Answer
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