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A person who experiences a persistent depressed mood for at least 2 years but is not experiencing major depression may have


A) persistent depressive disorder.
B) cyclothymic disorder.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) double depression.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sleep of depressed patients?


A) They enter REM sleep quickly.
B) They experience intense REM episodes.
C) They show delayed slow wave sleep.
D) They show advanced slow wave sleep.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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All of the following statements about lithium therapy are true EXCEPT


A) for those patients who respond to lithium, approximately 70% will relapse.
B) for anyone with recurrent manic episodes, maintenance on lithium is recommended to prevent relapse.
C) once a person is symptom-free for 6 months, he/she may stop taking lithium.
D) people stop taking lithium to regain the euphoric feeling that mania produces.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Possible reasons for the higher rates of depression found in women include all of the following EXCEPT


A) culturally induced dependence and passivity.
B) sense of uncontrollability and helplessness.
C) low value placed on intimate relationships.
D) self-blame for being depressed.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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One of the problems encountered by psychiatrists who prescribe medication for patients with bipolar disorder is that patients often


A) stop taking the medication in order to bring on a depressive state.
B) stop taking the medication in order to bring on a manic state.
C) overdose on the medication during a severe manic state.
D) become addicted to the medications during a severe manic state.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about suicide is correct?


A) The suicide rate is high among African Americans but low among Native Americans.
B) The suicide rate among adolescents in the U.S. is decreasing.
C) For teenagers, suicide is the third leading cause of death after auto accidents and homicide.
D) Females are more likely than males to die from suicide.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT TRUE about a hypomanic episode?


A) It is not necessarily problematic.
B) It does contribute to the definition of several mood disorders.
C) It causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning.
D) It need only last 4 days.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Statistics on suicide indicate that approximately one-quarter to one-half of all suicides are associated with _____________.


A) alcohol use
B) guns
C) aggression
D) work stress

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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All of the following statements are accurate about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) EXCEPT


A) relief of symptoms can occur within a week or two with ECT.
B) ECT treatment should be followed up with medication.
C) short-term memory loss can be a side effect of treatment with ECT.
D) psychotically depressed patients should be treated with ongoing medication, not ECT, even when response to those drugs is poor.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Recent research suggests that


A) social and psychological explanations seem to account for factors that contribute to both anxiety and depression.
B) for mania, the biological vulnerability may not be specific to that disorder.
C) the same genetic factors contribute to both anxiety and depression.
D) All of the above

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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The physical symptoms of a major depressive disorder include


A) changes in appetite or weight.
B) decreased ability to concentrate.
C) increased energy.
D) decreased self-esteem

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Regarding Beck's views on depression, which of the following definitions of cognitive errors and negative schema is NOT correct?


A) In a self-blame schema, depressed individuals feel personally responsible for every bad thing that happens.
B) Arbitrary inference means that a depressed individual emphasizes the positive rather than the negative aspects of a situation.
C) In a negative self-evaluation schema, depressed individuals believe that they can never do anything correctly.
D) Overgeneralization occurs when a small error is magnified to mean something much more significant.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Debbie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder, recurrent. She wants to know what to expect in the future regarding her condition. You tell her that according to recent research the median lifetime number of major depressive episodes is .


A) 2 to 3
B) 4 to 7
C) 8 to 11
D) 12 to 15

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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According to recent research on the development of depression, dysfunctional attitudes (a negative outlook) and hopelessness attributes (explaining things negatively) constitute a vulnerability to depression.


A) biological
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) sociological

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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When used in connection with mood disorders, "flight of ideas" means


A) anxiety about airplane travel.
B) rapid speech expressing many exciting ideas at once.
C) limited imagination reflected in a slow way of speaking.
D) repression of all creative ideas.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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It is likely that you have seen a movie or television show which features Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Describe ways in which the treatment is done today as well as its success rate for providing relief from depression.

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There is evidence of abuse of this treat...

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After fun weekends with her friends, Anna-Kate feels very down most Mondays. She has trouble focusing on her work. She has recently gained 20 pounds and is often tearful. What DSM-5 criteria does Anna-Kate NOT meet for a depression diagnosis:


A) Significant weight gain/loss.
B) Diminished ability to concentrate.
C) Feeling sad.
D) Occurrence most of the day nearly every day.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Discuss the symptoms, causes and treatments for seasonal affective disorder.

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This disorder occurs during winter, in c...

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A 35-year-old individual named Manny has recently formulated an elaborate plan to cure AIDS with vitamin therapy. To provide funding for this cause, he has withdrawn all the money from his bank account and purchased thousands of jars of vitamins and small boxes in which to put them. When he appeared at a hospital emergency room loudly demanding names of patients with AIDS, he himself was hospitalized for psychiatric observation. What is your diagnosis of Manny?


A) Major depressive episode
B) Hypomanic episode
C) Manic episode
D) Postpartum psychosis

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Suicide associated with bipolar disorder almost always occurs during


A) a manic phase.
B) depressive episode.
C) a prodromal period.
D) a hypomanic phase.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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