Question 1

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the Unites States and lowers the overall national life expectancy because of:

Accepted Answer

A)   premature death.
B)   maternal mortality.
C)   its link with poor eating habits.
D)   its link with alcoholic consumption.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Jon W. has just been diagnosed with cancer. His initial response is to deny the seriousness of his condition. This type of coping mechanism

Accepted Answer

A)   will enable him to develop better coping mechanisms later.
B)   is never psychologically helpful.
C)   doesn't really help him endure the initial shock any more easily.
D)   results in higher levels of corticosteroids (stress hormones) .E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Pain may be associated with ________________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased natural killer (NK)  cells
B)   increased natural killer (NK)  cells
C)   increased B cells
D)   decreased T cellsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

In keeping daily records of the stressful events in their lives, patients in pain management programs are taught to be very specific about all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   the actual time of day that they experience stress.
B)   what seems to "trigger the stress."
C)   how they attempted to control the stress.
D)   the level of intensity of the stress.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following immune cells enhance immune system responses by signaling B cells to produce antibodies and signaling other T cells to destroy antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)   B cells
B)   Helper T cells
C)   T suppressor cells
D)   NK cellsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Knowledge derived from the behavioral sciences applied to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical problems is called

Accepted Answer

A)   health psychology.
B)   behavioral medicine.
C)   psychophysiological disorders.
D)   psychosomatic medicine.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

During laboratory stress tests, which of the following individuals has been shown to have greater reactivity in their blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Those with normal blood pressure whose parents had normal blood pressure
B)   Those with normal blood pressure whose parents had high blood pressure
C)   Those with very low blood pressure whose parents had low blood pressure
D)   Those with very low blood pressure whose parents had normal blood pressureE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Researchers who study the clinical experience of pain have determined that pain is

Accepted Answer

A)   entirely due to physical causes.
B)   entirely due to psychological causes.
C)   neither entirely physical, nor entirely psychological.
D)   always due to unknown and unpredictable factors.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

All of the following situations have been associated with lowered immune system functioning EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   marital conflict or relationship difficulties.
B)   job loss.
C)   death of a loved one.
D)   pregnancy.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Based on findings from clinical research, treatment programs for chronic pain focus primarily on

Accepted Answer

A)   surgical procedures.
B)   herbal remedies.
C)   psychological factors.
D)   experimental procedures for pain relief.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

How does early life stress contribute to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increases blood sugar levels
B)   Increases platelets
C)   Increases inflammation
D)   Decreases serotoninE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Continuous secretion of the stress hormone cortisol by the adrenal glands can lead to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   damage to the hippocampus.
B)   impaired functioning of the immune system.
C)   muscle atrophy.
D)   low blood pressure in the cardiovascular system.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

When pain is induced after people are given a placebo, they feel less pain because

Accepted Answer

A)   the endogenous opioid system is activated.
B)   they simply report less pain.
C)   they think they feel less pain.
D)   they pretend to have pain.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Lifestyle factors includes things such as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Smoking
B)   Nutrition
C)   Physical activity
D)   All of the above are lifestyle factorsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

According to Holroyd et al., (1984)  biofeedback may decrease pain because it

Accepted Answer

A)   instills a sense of control over the pain.
B)   decreases tension.
C)   increases awareness of the body.
D)   decreases sensitivity to pain.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

It has been suggested that biofeedback relieves the pain of tension headaches because it "teaches people to relax," but it is more likely that

Accepted Answer

A)   the patients whose pain is seemingly relieved by biofeedback are probably also taking aspirin or Tylenol.
B)   biofeedback training gives patients a sense of control over their headache pain.
C)   biofeedback has a "numbing effect" because it affects the nerve endings in the somatic nervous system.
D)   patients experience a placebo effect because the headache pain returns once the biofeedback sessions are completed.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

In regard to the gate control theory, the are thought to open the gates, allowing pain sensations to be
Transmitted, while
Are thought to close the gate and block the sensations.

Accepted Answer

A)   small fibers; large fibers
B)   large fibers; small fibers
C)   small fibers; internal fibers
D)   psychological factors; physiological fibersE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Various psychological factors have been used to explain individual variations in blood pressure, including all of the following EXCEPT .

Accepted Answer

A)   coping style
B)   personality
C)   level of stress
D)   cognitive skillsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following factors is most closely related to how well you think you can cope with a threat or challenge?

Accepted Answer

A)   Control
B)   Effort
C)   Cortisol
D)   PracticeE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

In a comprehensive headache treatment program, people who were low users of analgesic medications achieved at least a reduction in headache severity and frequency.

Accepted Answer

A)   25%
B)   50%
C)   75%
D)   99%E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 9: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology

In regard to the gate control theory, the are thought to open the gates, allowing pain sensations to be Transmitted, while Are thought to close the gate and block the sensations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In keeping daily records of the stressful events in their lives, patients in pain management programs are taught to be very specific about all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does early life stress contribute to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is most closely related to how well you think you can cope with a threat or challenge?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During laboratory stress tests, which of the following individuals has been shown to have greater reactivity in their blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When pain is induced after people are given a placebo, they feel less pain because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following immune cells enhance immune system responses by signaling B cells to produce antibodies and signaling other T cells to destroy antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Knowledge derived from the behavioral sciences applied to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical problems is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pain may be associated with ________________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a comprehensive headache treatment program, people who were low users of analgesic medications achieved at least a reduction in headache severity and frequency.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It has been suggested that biofeedback relieves the pain of tension headaches because it "teaches people to relax," but it is more likely that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers who study the clinical experience of pain have determined that pain is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the Unites States and lowers the overall national life expectancy because of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Holroyd et al., (1984) biofeedback may decrease pain because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lifestyle factors includes things such as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Various psychological factors have been used to explain individual variations in blood pressure, including all of the following EXCEPT .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following situations have been associated with lowered immune system functioning EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on findings from clinical research, treatment programs for chronic pain focus primarily on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jon W. has just been diagnosed with cancer. His initial response is to deny the seriousness of his condition. This type of coping mechanism

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Continuous secretion of the stress hormone cortisol by the adrenal glands can lead to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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