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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 51

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Often times,we hear that teenagers have unmet social needs.According to Maslow,their desire to become socially accepted will consume them,at the expense of reaching for higher goals,such as developing to their fullest potential. According to Maslow,lower order needs must be satisfied first,before turning one's attention to higher order needs.If relying on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Pyramid,social needs will be satisfied before self-actualization needs.

A) True
B) False

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Question 52

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Bianca is conducting an experiment to determine how temperatures affect the productivity of employees.She has just completed the first phase of her experiment,in which she had a group of employees perform job related tasks in a special room where the temperature was 10 degrees cooler than on the factory floor.The employees in the experimental group consistently outperformed employees in the factory.The Hawthorne effect suggests that the most likely reason for this improvement in performance is that the cooler working conditions allowed the employees in the experiment to work harder without getting tired. The Hawthorne effect refers to the tendency of people to behave differently when they know they are being studied.Thus,the improvement in productivity may have resulted from psychological factors associated with participating in the experiment rather than the change in temperature.

A) True
B) False

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Question 53

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According to the Legal Briefcase box in Chapter 10,scientific management is used successfully at UPS and UPS drivers have good wages and generous benefits.

The central idea behind MBO (Management by Objectives)is that employees motivate themselves through the process toward goal achievement.

Becca is a manager in the credit department for 3STAR Motors.Joe Greene is a new employee in her department.While Joe has been learning his job,Becca has provided him with guidance by offering advice,encouragement,and instructions.However,she is careful to let Joe do the actual work,even if he struggles a bit.Becca's approach to getting Joe up to speed indicates that she is:

Talk about "shell-shock"! Two nights ago,Adam was living in a tent with thirty other Marines in the hills of Afghanistan.Today he is waking up to the smell of fresh linen,in a king-sized bed,in his very own room in DeKalb,Illinois.Three days ago,his first priority was the welfare of his battle buddies.This morning,his first priority (according to his family) is not wasting anytime and getting back into College.Although he has always believed in the importance of school and the respect that comes with achieving a degree,right now he is not quite in that frame of mind.His first desire is to spend time renewing old friendships,including organizing a couple of float trips and ball game nights with the group of friends he left behind.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,

Which of the following would be most closely tied to the idea that employee motivation requires that the rewards for completing a task are sufficient to justify the effort?

Job simplification is an extension of the ideas of Frederick Herzberg. Job simplification breaks down jobs into simple repetitive tasks and assigns each task to an employee.This method of improving efficiency is more consistent with the scientific management approach of Frederick Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth than the ideas of Herzberg.

In a low-context culture:

The first step toward establishing open communication within an organization is to:

According to Maslow,a higher order need:

According to expectancy theory,employees in a given organization tend to have very similar expectations.

The purpose of management by objectives is to:

As a manager,Charlene works hard to ensure that employees are treated fairly,yet she still gets feedback that indicates that some employees don't believe she is fair.This problem most likely results from the fact that:

The results of the Hawthorne studies encouraged researchers to begin studying human motivation and managerial styles that lead to higher productivity.

When adopting a reward system as part of your international company's motivational strategy,it is not cost effective or beneficial to spend time customizing rewards for each global location.

The practice of moving employees from one job to another to make work more interesting is called:

Members of Generation X tend to be more independent and need less feedback than members of older generations.

One of the elements essential to Frederick Taylor's approach to improving worker productivity was:

The concept engagement is used to describe the level of passion and motivation that a person has about their work.