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A market structure with only a few sellers, each offering similar or identical products, is known as


A) oligopoly.
B) monopoly.
C) monopolistic competition.
D) perfect competition.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Figure 16-7 Figure 16-7   -Refer to Figure 16-7. The firm depicted in panel b faces a horizontal demand curve. If panel b depicts a profit- maximizing firm, A)  it could be operating in either a perfectly competitive market or in a monopolistically competitive market. B)  it would not have excess capacity in its production as long as it is earning zero economic profit. C)  it is able to choose the price at which it sells its product. D)  the firm can always raise its profit by increasing production since consumers will buy as much as the firm can produce. -Refer to Figure 16-7. The firm depicted in panel b faces a horizontal demand curve. If panel b depicts a profit- maximizing firm,


A) it could be operating in either a perfectly competitive market or in a monopolistically competitive market.
B) it would not have excess capacity in its production as long as it is earning zero economic profit.
C) it is able to choose the price at which it sells its product.
D) the firm can always raise its profit by increasing production since consumers will buy as much as the firm can produce.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Figure 16-11 Figure 16-11   -Refer to Figure 16-11. If this firm profit-maximizes, how much cost will it incur? -Refer to Figure 16-11. If this firm profit-maximizes, how much cost will it incur?

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The term excess capacity refers to the fact that a firm operates on the upward-sloping portion of its average-total- cost curve.

A) True
B) False

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A recent outbreak of hepatitis was linked to a national fast-food restaurant chain. This is an example of a case in which


A) brand name identity increases the effectiveness of markets.
B) brand name identity can be detrimental to the profitability of a firm.
C) advertising is ineffective in salvaging perceptions of product quality.
D) advertising cannot be used to establish brand loyalty.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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In the long run, a firm in a perfectly competitive market operates


A) at its efficient scale, and a monopolistically competitive firm operates at its efficient scale.
B) at its efficient scale, and a monopolistically competitive firm operates with excess capacity.
C) with excess capacity, and a monopolistically competitive firm operates with excess capacity.
D) with excess capacity, and a monopolistically competitive firm operates at its efficient scale.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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There is general disagreement among economists about the role of advertising, but there is widespread agreement about the role of brand names on market efficiency.

A) True
B) False

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A firm in a monopolistically competitive market can earn both short-run and long-run profits.

A) True
B) False

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A monopolistically competitive firm has the following cost structure: A monopolistically competitive firm has the following cost structure:   The firm faces the following demand curve:   To maximize profit (or minimize losses) , the firm will produce A)  20 units. B)  30 units. C)  40 units. D)  50 units. The firm faces the following demand curve: A monopolistically competitive firm has the following cost structure:   The firm faces the following demand curve:   To maximize profit (or minimize losses) , the firm will produce A)  20 units. B)  30 units. C)  40 units. D)  50 units. To maximize profit (or minimize losses) , the firm will produce


A) 20 units.
B) 30 units.
C) 40 units.
D) 50 units.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Defenders of advertising argue that it is not rational for profit-maximizing firms to spend money on advertising for products that have


A) superior quality.
B) inferior or mediocre quality.
C) low prices.
D) limited availability.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Imperfectly competitive firms are characterized by


A) horizontal demand curves.
B) standardized products.
C) a large number of small firms.
D) price making ability.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Monopolistic competition is an inefficient market structure because


A) price exceeds marginal cost.
B) it has a deadweight loss, just as monopoly does.
C) at the equilibrium, some consumers will value the good at more than the marginal cost of production.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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In the long run, monopolistically competitive firms produce where demand equals marginal cost.

A) True
B) False

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When an industry has many firms, the industry is


A) an oligopoly if the firms sell differentiated products, but it is monopolistically competitive if the firms sell identical products.
B) an oligopoly if the firms sell differentiated products, but it is perfectly competitive if the firms sell identical products.
C) monopolistically competitive if the firms sell differentiated products, but it is perfectly competitive if the firms sell identical products.
D) perfectly competitive if the firms sell differentiated products, but it is monopolistically competitive if the firms sell identical products.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Table 16-5 This table shows the demand schedule, marginal cost, and average total cost for a monopolistically competitive firm. Table 16-5 This table shows the demand schedule, marginal cost, and average total cost for a monopolistically competitive firm.   -Refer to Table 16-5. What is this firm's total cost at the profit­maximizing quantity? A)  $12 B)  $18 C)  $32 D)  $36 -Refer to Table 16-5. What is this firm's total cost at the profit­maximizing quantity?


A) $12
B) $18
C) $32
D) $36

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Scenario 16-8 Burger Bonanza, a major national burger chain, recently decided to spend $4 million on an advertising campaign featuring a world famous actor to promote its new Bomber Burger. -Refer to Scenario 16-8. What can consumers conclude from Burger Bonanza's willingness to spend $4 million on an advertising campaign?

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high quali...

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Monopolistic competition is characterized by


A) i) and ii) only
B) ii) and iv) only
C) i) , ii) , and iii) only
D) ii) , iii) , and iv) only

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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For a profit-maximizing firm in a monopolistically competitive market, when price is equal to average total cost, price must lie above marginal cost.

A) True
B) False

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A typical firm in the US economy would be classified as


A) perfectly competitive.
B) imperfectly competitive.
C) a duopolist.
D) an oligopolist.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Table 16-7 A monopolistically competitive firm faces the following demand schedule for its product. In addition, the firm has total fixed costs equal to 20. Table 16-7 A monopolistically competitive firm faces the following demand schedule for its product. In addition, the firm has total fixed costs equal to 20.   -Refer to Table 16-7. If this firm profit maximizes and faces a constant marginal cost of $7, does it have excess capacity? How do you know? -Refer to Table 16-7. If this firm profit maximizes and faces a constant marginal cost of $7, does it have excess capacity? How do you know?

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Yes, avera...

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