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Which of the following is not an example of signaling?


A) screening
B) advertising
C) getting an education
D) gift giving

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Table 22-15 Diane, Henry, and Linda are voting for who to promote. They can only promote one candidate. Their preferences are given in the table below. Table 22-15 Diane, Henry, and Linda are voting for who to promote. They can only promote one candidate. Their preferences are given in the table below.   -Refer to Table 22-15. If elections were held where voters choose either Beth or Mary, and then choose either the winner or Fred, what would the results be? A)  Beth would win both elections. B)  Beth would win the first election and Fred would win the second election. C)  Mary would win the first and second elections. D)  Mary would win the first election and Fred would win the second election. -Refer to Table 22-15. If elections were held where voters choose either Beth or Mary, and then choose either the winner or Fred, what would the results be?


A) Beth would win both elections.
B) Beth would win the first election and Fred would win the second election.
C) Mary would win the first and second elections.
D) Mary would win the first election and Fred would win the second election.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The median voter's preferred outcome is the same as the


A) average preferred outcome.
B) outcome preferred by the greatest number of voters.
C) outcome produced by majority rule.
D) outcome preferred by Arrow's "perfect" voter.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Explain what is meant by "asymmetric information." Identify and explain the two basic types of problems that arise when there is asymmetric information.

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Asymmetric information is present when t...

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The median voter


A) is the voter exactly in the middle of the distribution.
B) is the voter whose preferred outcome beats any other proposal in a two-way race.
C) always has more than half the votes on his side in a two-way race.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The suggestion that people are "satisficers" is similar to the view that people


A) are wealth-maximizers.
B) exhibit "bounded rationality."
C) go to a lot of trouble to weigh costs and benefits before choosing a course of action.
D) change their minds often.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Table 22-24 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below. Voter Type Table 22-24 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below. Voter Type   -Refer to Table 22-24. If the town administrator asks voters to choose first between basketball and football and then between the winner of the first vote and hockey, which sport will win the final vote? -Refer to Table 22-24. If the town administrator asks voters to choose first between basketball and football and then between the winner of the first vote and hockey, which sport will win the final vote?

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People interpret evidence to confirm beliefs they already hold. This statement is an example of which of the following systematic mistakes that people make?


A) people are overconfident
B) people give too much weight to a small number of vivid observations
C) people are reluctant to change their minds
D) All of the above are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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In corporations, which of the following are principals but not agents?


A) shareholders
B) the board of directors
C) managers
D) workers

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following would be an example of a principal trying to deal with a moral hazard problem?


A) The parents of an infant secretly place video cameras in their house before the baby-sitter arrives.
B) An insurance company checks police records to determine if its policyholders have received traffic citations.
C) An employer examines his workers' output on a daily basis.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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An implication of the median voter theorem is that Republicans and Democrats will try to align their views with those of the median voter.

A) True
B) False

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Most economic models incorporate the assumption of rational behavior on the part of economic actors.

A) True
B) False

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Table 22-9 Voter Type Table 22-9 Voter Type   -Refer to Table 22-9. The table shows the preferences of four types of voters over four possible outcomes: A, B, C, and D. In addition, the table shows the percentage of voters of each type. Suppose a Borda count election is held in which each voter ranks the four outcomes, giving 1 point to last place, 2 points to second to last, 3 points to the second best, and 4 points to the best. In this case, which outcome would win? A)  A B)  B C)  C D)  D -Refer to Table 22-9. The table shows the preferences of four types of voters over four possible outcomes: A, B, C, and D. In addition, the table shows the percentage of voters of each type. Suppose a Borda count election is held in which each voter ranks the four outcomes, giving 1 point to last place, 2 points to second to last, 3 points to the second best, and 4 points to the best. In this case, which outcome would win?


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of signaling?


A) Pat is considering the purchase of a used car. Before making the purchase he has the car checked by an auto mechanic.
B) Zach is applying for a new life insurance policy. Before writing the policy, the insurance company requires Zach to be examined by a doctor.
C) Denise is applying for a new job. Before hiring her, the firm requires Denise to take a drug test.
D) Marcus is planning to ask for Chaquila's hand in marriage. Before asking her, he buys her a box of her favorite chocolates and takes her to dinner at her favorite restaurant.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Table 22-21 The following table shows the number of voters preferring various amounts of spending to develop a river to make it more attractive for canoeing and kayaking. Table 22-21 The following table shows the number of voters preferring various amounts of spending to develop a river to make it more attractive for canoeing and kayaking.   -Refer to Table 22-21. What is the preferred spending amount of the median voter? A)  $1.0 B)  $1.5 C)  $2.0 D)  None of the above are correct. -Refer to Table 22-21. What is the preferred spending amount of the median voter?


A) $1.0
B) $1.5
C) $2.0
D) None of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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A radio story reported a study on the makes and models of cars that were observed going through intersections in the Washington, D.C. area without stopping at the stop signs. According to the story, Volvos were heavily overrepresented; the fraction of cars running stop signs that were Volvos was much greater than the fraction of Volvos in the total population of cars in the D.C. area. This is initially surprising because Volvo has built a reputation as an especially safe car that appeals to sensible, safety-conscious drivers. How is this observation best explained?


A) Volvo drivers are not willing to take risks that they would take in another, less safe car. Driving a Volvo leads to a propensity to run stop signs.
B) Volvo drivers are not willing to take risks that they would take in another, less safe car. Driving a Volvo reduces the propensity to run stop signs.
C) Volvo drivers are willing to take risks that they would not take in another, less safe car. Driving a Volvo reduces the propensity to run stop signs.
D) Volvo drivers are willing to take risks that they would not take in another, less safe car. Driving a Volvo leads to a propensity to run stop signs.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Life insurance companies usually require applicants to have physicals and disclose information on their health. This practice is designed to address


A) a principal-agent problem.
B) a moral-hazard problem.
C) a problem involving hidden characteristics.
D) all of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Table 22-8 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below. Voter Type Table 22-8 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below. Voter Type   -Refer to Table 22-8. If a Borda count is used, what will be the outcome of the voting? A)  Basketball will win. B)  Football will win. C)  Hockey will win. D)  Football and basketball will tie. -Refer to Table 22-8. If a Borda count is used, what will be the outcome of the voting?


A) Basketball will win.
B) Football will win.
C) Hockey will win.
D) Football and basketball will tie.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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When one party is better informed about an economic situation than another party, economists describe the problem as one of


A) asymmetric information.
B) moral hazard.
C) political economy.
D) behavioral economics

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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The science of economics is a finished jewel, perfect and unchanging.

A) True
B) False

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