Question 1

Fifteen-year-old Samantha has just experienced her first menstrual period.Her mother is concerned about her daughter's late menstruation.Based on what you know about pubertal development,how would you respond to her mother?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I understand.Most girls start puberty when they are 10 years old."
B)   "She's fine.She will experience breast buds and visible pubic hair next."
C)   "I would suggest taking her to the doctor.The timing of puberty is predictable and she is late."
D)   "Don't worry about it.The timing of puberty is not as predictable as the sequence of physical changes."E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The sequence in which babies master the skills of rolling over,sitting,crawling,and walking is the same around the world.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in motor development.

Accepted Answer

A)   temperament
B)   maturation
C)   imprinting
D)   object permanenceE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Harmful chemicals or viruses that can be transferred from a mother to her developing fetus are called

Accepted Answer

A)   embryos.
B)   placentas.
C)   teratogens.
D)   zygotes.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include

Accepted Answer

A)   visual impairments.
B)   mental abnormalities.
C)   habituation.
D)   hearing problems.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

As people progress into old age,their disease-fighting immune system becomes

Accepted Answer

A)   more effective in resisting most life-threatening ailments.
B)   less effective in resisting common cold viruses than in resisting cancer.
C)   more effective in resisting upper respiratory flu than in resisting pneumonia.
D)   completely ineffective in resisting any diseases without specific medication.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Brain scans of young teens reveal that ________ immaturity is most evident among juvenile offenders and drug users.

Accepted Answer

A)   brainstem
B)   frontal lobe
C)   pituitary
D)   limbic systemE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Inherited genes most clearly contribute to individual differences in

Accepted Answer

A)   secure attachment.
B)   schemas.
C)   temperament.
D)   imprinting.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Infants who are unable to predict how their parents will react to their cries for care and attention are especially likely to show signs of

Accepted Answer

A)   egocentrism.
B)   conservation.
C)   insecure attachment.
D)   assimilation.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

From age 2 months on,as other children spend more and more time looking into others' eyes,those who later develop ________ do so less and less.

Accepted Answer

A)   stranger anxiety
B)   infantile amnesia
C)   mumps or measles
D)   autism spectrum disorderE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Infants in a strange situation who cling to their mother rather than exploring their surroundings show signs of

Accepted Answer

A)   egocentrism.
B)   avoidant attachment.
C)   infantile amnesia.
D)   anxious attachment.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following psychologists designed the strange situation experiment to study children's attachment differences?

Accepted Answer

A)   Erik Erikson
B)   Jean Piaget
C)   Mary Ainsworth
D)   Lev VygotskyE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The form of attachment examined by Konrad Lorenz in his observations of ducklings is called

Accepted Answer

A)   maturation.
B)   imprinting.
C)   infantile amnesia.
D)   critical period.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Adolescents' search for identity is especially likely to be prolonged well into their late teens in cultures that value

Accepted Answer

A)   conformity.
B)   individualism.
C)   preconventional morality.
D)   a strong sense of basic trust.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Research indicates that newborns can distinguish

Accepted Answer

A)   their mother's voice from another woman's voice.
B)   differences in light intensity but not differences in shape.
C)   their mother's face from another woman's face.
D)   differences in sound intensity but not differences in sound quality.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Piaget emphasized how the child's mind grows through interaction with the physical environment.Vygotsky emphasized how the child's mind grows through

Accepted Answer

A)   imprinting.
B)   a pruning process.
C)   social mentoring.
D)   a secure attachment.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Physical exercise in late adulthood has been found to

Accepted Answer

A)   enhance muscle strength.
B)   help prevent heart attacks.
C)   stimulate brain cell development.
D)   do all of these things.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Sedentary older adults randomly assigned to aerobic exercise programs exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)   reduced risk of significant cognitive decline.
B)   increased risk of shortened telomeres.
C)   reduced risk of neurogenesis.
D)   increased risk of upper respiratory flu.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

According to Piaget,egocentrism refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   a sensorimotor need for self-stimulation,as evidenced by thumb sucking.
B)   young children's exaggerated interest in themselves and their own pleasure.
C)   the difficulty of perceiving things from another person's point of view.
D)   a failure to realize that things continue to exist even when they are not visible.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

Human sperm cells ________ than egg cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   are larger
B)   contain more genes
C)   are smaller
D)   contain fewer genesE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

A ________ is a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)   schema
B)   scaffold
C)   critical period
D)   theory of mindE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: Developing Through the Life Span

Sedentary older adults randomly assigned to aerobic exercise programs exhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Harmful chemicals or viruses that can be transferred from a mother to her developing fetus are called

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Fifteen-year-old Samantha has just experienced her first menstrual period.Her mother is concerned about her daughter's late menstruation.Based on what you know about pubertal development,how would you respond to her mother?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From age 2 months on,as other children spend more and more time looking into others' eyes,those who later develop ________ do so less and less.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physical exercise in late adulthood has been found to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inherited genes most clearly contribute to individual differences in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence in which babies master the skills of rolling over,sitting,crawling,and walking is the same around the world.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in motor development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget,egocentrism refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ is a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget emphasized how the child's mind grows through interaction with the physical environment.Vygotsky emphasized how the child's mind grows through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The form of attachment examined by Konrad Lorenz in his observations of ducklings is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following psychologists designed the strange situation experiment to study children's attachment differences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that newborns can distinguish

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants in a strange situation who cling to their mother rather than exploring their surroundings show signs of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As people progress into old age,their disease-fighting immune system becomes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adolescents' search for identity is especially likely to be prolonged well into their late teens in cultures that value

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brain scans of young teens reveal that ________ immaturity is most evident among juvenile offenders and drug users.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants who are unable to predict how their parents will react to their cries for care and attention are especially likely to show signs of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human sperm cells ________ than egg cells.

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