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Sixteen-year-old Gregory wrecked his parent's car on a snowy day.His parents assumed that the accident was caused by his carelessness and lack of concern for their car.Gregory's parents' assumption illustrates


A) a dispositional attribution.
B) an attitude.
C) a situational attribution.
D) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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It is often difficult to legislate major social changes such as health care reform.But once such policies are in place,they tend to be cherished and preserved.This best illustrates the impact of


A) social scripts.
B) system justification.
C) hindsight bias.
D) ingroup bias.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Groupthink is fueled by a desire for


A) personal control.
B) harmony.
C) minority influence.
D) cognitive dissonance.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Central route persuasion is most likely when people


A) are naturally analytical.
B) are uninvolved in an issue.
C) make snap judgments.
D) have difficulty paying attention.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Dominick,who is a copy machine salesman,provides information on all models and honestly explains all their pros and cons,even of his competitors' machines.Dominick is using


A) role playing.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) peripheral route persuasion.
D) central route persuasion.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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According to a recent poll,________ percent of Americans viewed the nation as divided.


A) 26
B) 52
C) 77
D) 96

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Marshall,who is not a college athlete,thinks that all college athletes behave the same and have the same attitudes toward nonathletes.Marshall's thinking illustrates


A) discrimination.
B) ingroup bias.
C) outgroup homogeneity.
D) the hindsight bias.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In the Milgram experiments,the level of obedience was highest when the "teacher" was ________ the experimenter and ________ the "learner."


A) close to;close to
B) far from;far from
C) close to;far from
D) far from;close to

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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People's physical attractiveness is a good predictor of their


A) happiness.
B) academic competence.
C) frequency of dating.
D) altruism.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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While eating at a restaurant,you see a waiter's serving tray accidentally tilt and an avalanche of food and beverages splatters on four people."What a careless,clumsy idiot," you mumble to yourself as you resume eating.You have just committed


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) an attitude.
C) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
D) the fundamental attribution error.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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When Armen first heard the hit song "Lose Yourself," he wasn't at all sure he liked it.The more often he heard it played,however,the more he enjoyed it.Armen's reaction illustrates


A) the bystander effect.
B) the reciprocity norm.
C) mirror-image perceptions.
D) the mere exposure effect.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Janet now volunteers two hours each week at a local homeless shelter because her friends do so.This demonstrates


A) the power of informational social influence.
B) the dangers of conformity.
C) the benefits of mood contagion.
D) how conformity can be a good thing.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Connie reluctantly took a part-time job as a waitress,which she was certain she would hate.After giving her a uniform,her boss explained that,no matter what,she needed to be courteous to the customers.When she put on her uniform,she began smiling at and talking politely to the customers (just like her fellow employees) .Based on research on attitude change,Connie's change in attitude about her job illustrates the impact of


A) role playing on attitudes.
B) peripheral route persuasion.
C) attributions.
D) cognitive dissonance.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A readiness to assume that enslaved people deserve the cruel treatment they receive best illustrates


A) ingroup bias.
B) outgroup homogeneity.
C) the just-world phenomenon.
D) the other-race effect.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is an indicator of the number of African-Americans killed by police?


A) a region's implicit bias toward African-Americans
B) a region's income level
C) a region's population density
D) a region's explicit bias toward African-Americans

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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An observation of more than 800 billion internet words has found


A) a greater association of pleasant words with Latin-American names compared with African-American names.
B) a greater association of pleasant words with Asian-American names compared with African-American names.
C) a greater association of pleasant words with African-American names compared with Hispanic American names.
D) a greater association of pleasant words with European-American names compared with African-American names.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior is called


A) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
B) the fundamental attribution error.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) central route persuasion.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Margo is vegan and is an advocate for animal rights.She is very active online in chat rooms for vegans,online support groups,and even social media sites.The more she associates with like-minded people online the stronger her views become.This illustrates


A) group polarization.
B) social contagion.
C) conformity.
D) obedience.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Shelly is thinking back to when she was younger and stopped traffic so an animal could cross the road.She is proud of what she did and most likely attributes her behavior to


A) the situation.
B) her own traits.
C) the cars on the road.
D) the type of animal that was in the road.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces,this finding would illustrate


A) explicit prejudice.
B) implicit prejudice.
C) unconscious patronization.
D) the other-race effect.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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