Question 1

To provide a rough estimate of how similar or diverse a set of scores is,we should calculate the

Accepted Answer

A)   standard deviation.
B)   mean.
C)   median.
D)   range.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Statistical significance refers to whether research

Accepted Answer

A)   variables are causally related.
B)   participants were randomly assigned to particular conditions.
C)   findings are due to chance variations.
D)   results add support to previous findings.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores is the

Accepted Answer

A)   mode.
B)   median.
C)   standard deviation.
D)   mean.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The arithmetic average of a distribution of scores is the

Accepted Answer

A)   mode.
B)   median.
C)   standard deviation.
D)   mean.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

If half the students at Quincy University have blue eyes,which of the following events is most probable?

Accepted Answer

A)   In a class consisting of 15 students,80% or more have blue eyes.
B)   In a class consisting of 30 students,80% or more have blue eyes.
C)   In a class consisting of 45 students,80% or more have blue eyes.
D)   All of these answers are equally probable.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are,this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are

Accepted Answer

A)   causally related.
B)   negatively correlated.
C)   independent variables.
D)   positively correlated.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Professor Caste wants to examine the relationship between watching television and substance use.Which type of statistic would be best for this type of research study?

Accepted Answer

A)   inferential statistics
B)   a correlation
C)   descriptive statistics
D)   a score distributionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Mrs.Smith is measuring the height of all the children in her class and notices that the scores form a symmetrical,bell-shaped distribution.This is also known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   central tendency.
B)   range.
C)   normal curve.
D)   standard deviation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Professor Chang displays the relationship between the height and weight measurements of over 500 randomly selected people on a scatterplot.The points on the scatterplot are most likely clustered in a pattern that

Accepted Answer

A)   resembles a U-shaped curve.
B)   extends from the upper left to the lower right of the plot.
C)   resembles a bell-shaped curve.
D)   extends from the lower left to the upper right of the plot.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is a statistical measure of both the direction and the strength of a relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)   a correlation coefficient
B)   the descriptive method
C)   an operational definition
D)   a theoryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

In the process of summarizing his data,Professor Stevenson notices that the distribution of scores is lopsided because of a few extreme scores.This means that his distribution

Accepted Answer

A)   is representative of the population.
B)   is unbiased.
C)   forms a bell-shaped curve.
D)   is skewed.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Approximately what percentage of the cases represented by the normal curve fall between -1 and +1 standard deviations from the mean?

Accepted Answer

A)   16
B)   34
C)   68
D)   95E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following is a measure of the degree of variation among a set of scores?

Accepted Answer

A)   mean
B)   mode
C)   standard deviation
D)   rangeE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group.With respect to age,it is most likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Accepted Answer

A)   mode.
B)   median.
C)   mean.
D)   standard deviation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following statistical measures is most helpful for indicating the extent to which people's happiness predicts the number of friends they have?

Accepted Answer

A)   standard deviation
B)   median
C)   mean
D)   correlation coefficientE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Akira dreamed that a handsome young man she had met the previous day asked her for a date.When he actually did call for a date several days later,Akira concluded that dreams accurately predict future events.Her belief best illustrates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   normal curve.
B)   illusory correlation.
C)   standard deviation.
D)   scatterplot.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

The maximum height of a normal curve corresponds to the ________ of a normal distribution.

Accepted Answer

A)   range
B)   mean
C)   standard deviation
D)   statistical significanceE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

When people's negative moods are at their worst,whatever they do to try to alleviate the condition is likely to be followed by an improvement in their mood rather than further worsening.This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   random assignment.
B)   illusory correlation.
C)   informed consent.
D)   regression toward the mean.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Gamblers often throw dice gently for low numbers and hard for high numbers.This most directly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   an illusion of control.
B)   a scatterplot.
C)   random assignment.
D)   regression toward the mean.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

A direct relationship in which two sets of scores increase together or decrease together represents

Accepted Answer

A)   a dependent variable.
B)   replication.
C)   a positive correlation.
D)   a confounding variable.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 16: Statistical Reasoning in Everyday Life

Which of the following is a measure of the degree of variation among a set of scores?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Caste wants to examine the relationship between watching television and substance use.Which type of statistic would be best for this type of research study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statistical measures is most helpful for indicating the extent to which people's happiness predicts the number of friends they have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Chang displays the relationship between the height and weight measurements of over 500 randomly selected people on a scatterplot.The points on the scatterplot are most likely clustered in a pattern that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group.With respect to age,it is most likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are,this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To provide a rough estimate of how similar or diverse a set of scores is,we should calculate the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The maximum height of a normal curve corresponds to the ________ of a normal distribution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people's negative moods are at their worst,whatever they do to try to alleviate the condition is likely to be followed by an improvement in their mood rather than further worsening.This is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the cases represented by the normal curve fall between -1 and +1 standard deviations from the mean?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamblers often throw dice gently for low numbers and hard for high numbers.This most directly illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The arithmetic average of a distribution of scores is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mrs.Smith is measuring the height of all the children in her class and notices that the scores form a symmetrical,bell-shaped distribution.This is also known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a statistical measure of both the direction and the strength of a relationship between two variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Statistical significance refers to whether research

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process of summarizing his data,Professor Stevenson notices that the distribution of scores is lopsided because of a few extreme scores.This means that his distribution

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Akira dreamed that a handsome young man she had met the previous day asked her for a date.When he actually did call for a date several days later,Akira concluded that dreams accurately predict future events.Her belief best illustrates a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A direct relationship in which two sets of scores increase together or decrease together represents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If half the students at Quincy University have blue eyes,which of the following events is most probable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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