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The reinforcement theory says that people are motivated


A) by receiving promotions.
B) by receiving a reward in accordance with their performance.
C) by receiving rewards or punishment based on their behavior.
D) only by their achievements.
E) by receiving primarily negative reinforcement.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) provide considerable employee incentive and increase employee involvement.

A) True
B) False

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a flextime work schedule?

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Advantages of flextime include flexible ...

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According to the expectancy theory, rewarded behavior is likely to be repeated, whereas punished behavior is less likely to be repeated.

A) True
B) False

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Alan is constantly interrupted from his work due to Gary's (one of his employees) taking advantage of Alan's open-door policy by coming in and sitting down in his office, only to chat about sports. Alan should handle this behavior by doing which of the following?


A) Sit and listen to Gary, and when Gary is finished speaking, explain to Gary that there is a lot more to life than just sports.
B) Point at the door and demand that Gary leave immediately, and then slam the door behind Gary.
C) Work at his computer, giving very little eye contact or attention to Gary.
D) Sit and listen to Gary, and then give Gary his opinions about particular sports teams to show his knowledge and to show he cares about the same things as does Gary.
E) Purchase two tickets for a game from the Internet and give them to Gary so that Gary will leave his office and quit bothering him.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Frederick W. Taylor's research led to the emergence of scientific management, which is defined as


A) eliminating waste and inefficiency at work.
B) the application of scientific principles to the management of work and workers.
C) researching optimal tools for motivating employees.
D) using the workplace to conduct scientific research on human behavior.
E) the study of management using a scientific approach.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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A key technique for increasing employee motivation is


A) scientific management.
B) Theory X.
C) behavior modification.
D) EEM.
E) modification of expectations.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The concepts of Theory X and Theory Y were advanced by


A) Douglas McGregor.
B) Abraham Maslow.
C) Frederick Herzberg.
D) Frederick W.Taylor.
E) William Ouchi.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Employee participation in decision making is frequently cited as a motivation-boosting technique.

A) True
B) False

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Under Herzberg's theory, when ____ factors are present in the work environment, they act as satisfiers; when ____ factors are absent, they act as dissatisfiers.


A) Theory X; Theory Y
B) motivation; hygiene
C) physiological; self-realization
D) Theory Y; Theory X
E) hygiene; motivation

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Motivation, morale, and satisfaction of employees' needs are interrelated.

A) True
B) False

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What does the word equity in equity theory refer to?

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Equity refers to the distribut...

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The weakness in Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's theory is that, although each one explains how motivation is caused and sustained, neither specifies what motivates individuals.

A) True
B) False

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Goal-setting theory suggests that employees are more likely to experience a high degree of motivation when management assigns a series of specific goals for the employee to achieve.

A) True
B) False

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Janna owns a jewelry shop that sells handmade jewelry. Her employees are paid a certain amount for each bracelet and necklace they produce, regardless of the amount of time it takes. This is a


A) wage system.
B) salary system.
C) quota compensation.
D) piece-rate system.
E) commission plan.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the most basic needs are physiological needs.

A) True
B) False

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Theory X by Douglas McGregor is generally consistent with which other theory?


A) Taylor's
B) Herzberg's
C) Maslow's
D) Treybig's
E) Hawthorne's

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following stages is not a part of the team development process?


A) Forming
B) Performing
C) Norming
D) Adjourning
E) Remanding

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The personal force causing someone to behave in a particular way is called morale.

A) True
B) False

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The first stage of team development is


A) beginning.
B) starting.
C) forming.
D) creation.
E) inauguration.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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