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Exam 14: Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology

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Question 21

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From what cellular molecules are cDNAs for cDNA libraries derived?

A) mRNAs
B) Proteins
C) Antibodies
D) Nucleases
E) Microsatellites

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Question 22

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A pedigree and Southern blot results in humans are shown in the following figure.Filled-in figures represent individuals expressing a dominant trait (hypothetical)for blue tongue.What can you say about the location of the allele responsible for the trait? Shaded regions within the homologs of an autosomal chromosome represent sequences that hybridize to the probe used for the Southern analysis.Arrows indicate cleavage sites used for the Southern analysis.

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0-kb RFLP on homolog B is link...

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Question 23

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The lungfish Protopterus aethiopicus has a genome 38 times larger than that of humans.Most of the DNA in this species is noncoding repetitive DNA.What type of library would be more efficient to use if you wish to compare the expressed regions of genes in the lungfish to those in humans?

Dideoxy nucleotides that are used in DNA sequencing experiments terminate DNA synthesis because they:

You are trying to determine whether a certain RFLP marker is linked to a specific disease gene in dogs.A cross between a diseased male and a healthy female produces nine offspring.You isolate genomic DNA from parents and offspring, digest with EcoRI, radiolabel a portion of RFLP marker to use as a probe, and perform a Southern analysis.The pedigree and autoradiogram results are shown in the following figure.Assume that the disease is an autosomal dominant. a.Explain the relationship between the crossing results (i.e., diseased versus healthy)and the RFLP patterns. b.How would you explain the results seen for the second male puppy?

Which of the following DNA sequences is NOT normally part of a bacterial expression vector?

Which of the following statements about finding a particular gene in a gene library is TRUE?

A new restriction enzyme has been discovered in a bacterium.When a sample of DNA is cleaved with this restriction enzyme, it is found that the resulting DNA fragments average about 256 nucleotides in length.What is the likely size of the DNA sequence recognized by this restriction enzyme?

The full-length (i.e., containing the entire protein coding region)cDNA for a specific eukaryotic gene in humans is 1500 nucleotides long.You screen a pig genomic library with this cDNA and isolate two genomic clones of different lengths.Both clones are sequenced and found to be 1900 and 2100 nucleotides long, from start codon to stop codon.How would you explain the presence of two genomic clones in pigs, and the discrepancies in their length compared to the cDNA probe?

Which of the following is an example of reverse genetics?

During gel electrophoresis, large DNA fragments will _____ small DNA fragments.

The haploid human genome contains about 3 × 10⁹ nucleotides.On average, how many DNA fragments would be produced if this DNA was digested with restriction enzyme PstI (a 6-base cutter)? RsaI (a 4-base cutter)? How often would an 8-base cutter cleave?

You are attempting to determine whether a plant-derived processed food sample (for example, a corn chip)contains material from a transgenic organism.First, you crush the sample and attempt to extract DNA from it.Next, you perform PCR using two different sets of primers.One primer set will amplify a DNA sequence present in all plants.The second primer set will amplify a DNA sequence only found in transgenic plants. a.Why must you use both sets of primers for this experiment? b.You obtain the results shown in the panel below.What conclusions can you draw from these reaction results? Does this test sample contain genetically modified components? Why or why not? [Lanes 1-6 are the same as listed above.]

Which of the following is NOT used in DNA sequencing by the dideoxy method?

What is the technique that can be used to determine the size of a particular protein and its pattern of expression?

What are CRISPR RNAs?

Gel electrophoresis can be used to separate DNAs on the basis of:

The DNA strand 3'0-GACTATTCCGACCC-5' is being sequenced using the dideoxy method.One reaction mixture contains all four deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP) and a small amount (10%) of dideoxythymidine (ddTTP) .After synthesis is completed, what sized bands will appear in the gel? (Assume that the primer is present but not counted in the size of any of the bands.)

What are some of the advantages in using the mouse as a model organism in genetic research?

You identify an RFLP in mice by digesting genomic DNA with HindIII enzyme and radiolabeling a piece of probe DNA.Southern blot analysis shows that the probe detects a 2-kb fragment in one strain of mice and a 4-kb fragment in another strain of mice.The two mice strains are crossed to produce an F₁ generation.Two F₁ siblings are mated to produce a dozen F₂ progeny.You isolate genomic DNA from several F₁ and F₂ individuals, digest with HindIII, and perform a Southern blot with the same probe. How many bands would be seen in the Southern blot of an F₂ individual?