Question 1

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment. The children exhibit a lack of

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation.
B)   attention to the salient.
C)   centration.
D)   planfulness.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Critics of universal preschool education argue that

Accepted Answer

A)   quality preschools prepare children for school readiness and academic success.
B)   research has not proven that nondisadvantaged children benefit from attending a preschool.
C)   the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten education are often understated.
D)   quality preschool programs increase the likelihood that a child will drop out of school later.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

Edgar is a 7-year-old boy who feels extremely sleepy during the daytime. He is unable to concentrate during class and while playing. As a result, his grades are poor, and his teachers often scold him. Identify the sleep problem from which Edgar is most likely suffering.

Accepted Answer

A)   jet lag
B)   sleep apnea
C)   insomnia
D)   narcolepsyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

The leading cause of death in young children in 2015 in the United States was

Accepted Answer

A)   heart disease.
B)   malnutrition.
C)   accidents.
D)   domestic violence.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   One method of assessing short-term memory is the memory-span task.
B)   In short-term memory, individuals retain information for up to 5 minutes if there is no rehearsal of the information.
C)   Short-term memory involves memory of significant events and experiences in one's life.
D)   An aspect of short-term memory that has been extensively studied in research on children's development is autobiographical memory.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Wendy, a 4-year-old girl, decides to gift her father a teddy bear on his birthday because she likes teddy bears. She asks her elder brother to help her wrap the gift. She does not consider the fact that her father may not like the gift or have no use for it. In the context of cognitive development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   decentration.
D)   conservation.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Jean Berko's experiment involving "wugs" demonstrated that young children who took part in the experiment knew

Accepted Answer

A)   the phonological rules.
B)   the rules of syntax.
C)   the pragmatic rules.
D)   the morphological rules.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

In a Tools of the Mind classroom, ________ has a central role.

Accepted Answer

A)   nutrition
B)   didactic lecture
C)   dramatic play
D)   abstract presentationE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through

Accepted Answer

A)   self-discovery.
B)   social interaction.
C)   the reorganization of existing knowledge.
D)   transforming previous knowledge.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following results of research studies on children's sleep is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Preschool children with a short sleep duration were more likely to have better social skills than others.
B)   Attention problems in early adolescence were independent of sleep problems in early childhood.
C)   In 2- to 5-year-old children, each additional hour of daily screen time was associated with a decrease in sleep time.
D)   In a Chinese study, preschool children who used electronic devices 3 or more hours per day had long sleep durations.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018)  has established categories for weight that are determined by body mass index. Children and adolescents at or above the 97th percentile are classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   obese
B)   overweight
C)   at risk of being overweight
D)   severely malnourishedE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is more important to improve preschool education for young children who are disadvantaged rather than funding preschool education for all four-year-old children.
B)   The quality of inner-city schools has often been found to be questionable.
C)   Research has proven that the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten education are often overstated.
D)   Universal preschool would bring cost savings on the order of billions of dollars because of a diminished need for remedial and justice services.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) has established categories for obesity, overweight, and at risk of being overweight. Describe how these categories are determined and classified.

Accepted Answer

The Centers for Disease Control and Prev...

Question 14

Which of the following refers to teachers' adjustment of their level of support and guidance to the level of the skills of their students?

Accepted Answer

A)   accommodation
B)   regulation
C)   scaffolding
D)   assimilationE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Recently, four expert panels from Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States issued physical activity guidelines for young children that were quite similar (Pate & others, 2015) . The guidelines recommend that young children engage in about ________ of physical activity per day total.

Accepted Answer

A)   half an hour
B)   3 hours
C)   15 minutes
D)   4 hoursE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

According to McClelland and others (2017)  and Schmitt and others (2017) , ________ attention involves action planning, allocating attention to goals, error detection and compensation, monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances.

Accepted Answer

A)   salient
B)   relevant
C)   executive
D)   sustainedE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Four-year-old Nathan is good at stacking blocks to make tall structures. However, he knocks them down occasionally. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this?

Accepted Answer

A)   His gross motor skills are underdeveloped.
B)   He tries to place each block perfectly on top of the other, upsetting those already stacked.
C)   His coordination skills are not developing normally for his age.
D)   He is showing signs of dyslexia.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Research with the memory-span task suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term memory increases during early childhood.
B)   long-term memory reaches maturation by early childhood.
C)   memory span depends on one's ethnic origin.
D)   heredity is one of the major factors affecting memory.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) , a person with a body mass index (BMI)  at the 90th percentile is

Accepted Answer

A)   obese.
B)   overweight.
C)   at risk of being overweight.
D)   underweight.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Debra is a very active child. She loves to tumble and show off. She always tries, what her parents consider, hair-raising stunts. She also loves running and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   1-year-olds.
B)   2-year-olds.
C)   3-year-olds.
D)   4-year-olds.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Which of the following results of research studies on children's sleep is true?

Correct Answer
verified

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) has established categories for weight that are determined by body mass index. Children and adolescents at or above the 97th percentile are classified as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

According to McClelland and others (2017) and Schmitt and others (2017) , ________ attention involves action planning, allocating attention to goals, error detection and compensation, monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances.

Correct Answer
verified

Four-year-old Nathan is good at stacking blocks to make tall structures. However, he knocks them down occasionally. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this?

Correct Answer
verified

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment. The children exhibit a lack of

Correct Answer
verified

Debra is a very active child. She loves to tumble and show off. She always tries, what her parents consider, hair-raising stunts. She also loves running and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most characteristic of

Correct Answer
verified

Jean Berko's experiment involving "wugs" demonstrated that young children who took part in the experiment knew

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following refers to teachers' adjustment of their level of support and guidance to the level of the skills of their students?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Edgar is a 7-year-old boy who feels extremely sleepy during the daytime. He is unable to concentrate during class and while playing. As a result, his grades are poor, and his teachers often scold him. Identify the sleep problem from which Edgar is most likely suffering.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true of short-term memory?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) has established categories for obesity, overweight, and at risk of being overweight. Describe how these categories are determined and classified.

Correct Answer
verified
The Centers for Disease Control and Prev...
View Answer

The leading cause of death in young children in 2015 in the United States was

Correct Answer
verified

Critics of universal preschool education argue that

Correct Answer
verified

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) , a person with a body mass index (BMI) at the 90th percentile is

Correct Answer
verified

Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through

Correct Answer
verified

Research with the memory-span task suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

In a Tools of the Mind classroom, ________ has a central role.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Which of the following results of research studies on children's sleep is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) has established categories for weight that are determined by body mass index. Children and adolescents at or above the 97th percentile are classified as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to McClelland and others (2017) and Schmitt and others (2017) , ________ attention involves action planning, allocating attention to goals, error detection and compensation, monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Four-year-old Nathan is good at stacking blocks to make tall structures. However, he knocks them down occasionally. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment. The children exhibit a lack of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Debra is a very active child. She loves to tumble and show off. She always tries, what her parents consider, hair-raising stunts. She also loves running and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most characteristic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jean Berko's experiment involving "wugs" demonstrated that young children who took part in the experiment knew

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following refers to teachers' adjustment of their level of support and guidance to the level of the skills of their students?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edgar is a 7-year-old boy who feels extremely sleepy during the daytime. He is unable to concentrate during class and while playing. As a result, his grades are poor, and his teachers often scold him. Identify the sleep problem from which Edgar is most likely suffering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of short-term memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) has established categories for obesity, overweight, and at risk of being overweight. Describe how these categories are determined and classified.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Centers for Disease Control and Prev...View AnswerShow Answer

The leading cause of death in young children in 2015 in the United States was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Critics of universal preschool education argue that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) , a person with a body mass index (BMI) at the 90th percentile is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research with the memory-span task suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a Tools of the Mind classroom, ________ has a central role.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prev...
View Answer

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