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Exam 1: Introduction

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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According to Paul Baltes, which of the following do normative age-graded influences include?

A) sociocultural factors and environmental processes
B) economic, political, and social upheavals
C) long-term changes in the cultural makeup of a population
D) long-term changes in the genetic composition of a population

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 72

Multiple Choice

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In Lorenz's view, imprinting needs to take place at a certain, very early time in the life of the animal, or else it will not take place. This period of time is called the

A) receptive period.
B) sensitive period.
C) critical period.
D) bonding period.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 73

Multiple Choice

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A recent television documentary concluded that, from birth, girls are more nurturing than are boys. Daniel agrees with this because he believes nurturing is an evolutionary trait passed on through the generations, because females needed to be more nurturing to aid the survival of the species. Daniel's view reflects the ________ perspective of development.

Konrad Lorenz performed research with goslings and found that many, upon hatching, identified him as their mother. He called this form of attachment

Dr. Perkins predicts that children who spend years playing a musical instrument are smarter than children who do not play music. This testable prediction is known as a(n)

Influences that generally affect a generation (for example, the effect of the Vietnam War on the baby boomers) are considered ________ influences.

The ________ involves the culture in which individuals live.

According to Paul Baltes, which of the following statements most likely supports the view that development is plastic?

Define theory and hypothesis. Illustrate your answer with an example.

Which of the following correlations is the strongest?

________ processes refer to changes in the individual's thought, intelligence, and language.

According to a study that analyzed the exposure to six stressors among poor children and middle-income children in the United States, which of the following is a difference between children in poor families and children in middle-income families?

Hidalgo, eight, is very good at addition and subtraction, but he has a hard time understanding the complex algebraic problems that his 14-year-old sister does. Hidalgo is currently in which of Jean Piaget's stages of development?

The cross-sectional approach to developmental research compares

Briefly explain the importance of studying life-span development.

Fernando believes that the presence or absence of certain experiences in life has a long-lasting influence on individuals. He further believes that there is rapid, innate learning that involves attachment to the first moving object seen and that this learning takes place at a critical period very early in the life of an animal. In this scenario, Fernando is most likely taking a(n) ________ approach to human development.

A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients. The patients are randomly assigned to be in a high-exercise or low-exercise training program for eight weeks. At the end of the program, their stamina is measured by seeing how long they can walk comfortably on a treadmill. In this study, the dependent variable is

Piaget's four stages of cognitive development

Andrew is 60 and is starting to have memory lapses and struggling to complete things that used to take him no time at all. He finds himself forgetting driving routes that he used to know. Andrew might be experiencing the developmental pattern called ________.

Which theorist proposed that psychosexual development occurs in the following five stages: the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latent stage, and the genital stage?